Medicare funding and Reibursement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Medicare financing and Reibursement - Essay Example The figures gave in the model have been utilized in the counts. SNF base rate = 70% balanced by territory compensation (emergency clinic wage list) + 30% non-work related part (base balanced for topographical components x RUG weight). The nursing pace of $151 according to (Medpac 2008) will be utilized in the computation. As far as Participating Physician who acknowledge task on every single case the Physician charges Medicare and the patient 100% of the Medicare endorsed expense which is $125,000 for this situation. Medicare will pay 80% which is equal to $100,000 and the patient will pay 20% which rises to $25,000. As far as a Non-taking an interest Physician who acknowledges task dependent upon the situation Medicare and the patient will be charged for 95% of the Medicare affirmed expense of $125,000. 95% is spoken to by $118,750. Medicare will pay 80% of $118,750 which is equivalent to $95,000 and the patient will pay 20% which is equivalent to $23,750. As for Non-taking an interest Physicians who don't acknowledge task the patient is charged for 115% of the Medicare affirmed expense of $125,000. This 115% is equivalent to $143,750. The patient makes the whole installment and Medicare repays 80% of the affirmed charge for non-partaking doctors. Consequently, Medicare would pay 80% of $118,750 which is equivalent to $95,000 and the patient will bear the contrast between what was paid to the Non-taking an interest Physician which is $143,750 short $95,000, which is equivalent to $48,750. Habitats for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2010). Truth Sheet: Acute Care Hospital Inpatient Prospective Payment System. Recovered: http://www.cms.gov/MLNProducts/downloads/AcutePaymtSysfctsht.pdf. Last got to 31 Mar

Were the policies followed at the beginning of Reconstruction the best Essay

Were the arrangements followed toward the start of Reconstruction the most ideal game-plan for the United states - Essay Example This article has inspected the degree that approaches followed toward the start of Reconstruction were the most ideal game-plans for the United States. In this setting of comprehension it’s exhibited that the United States established shifting degrees of arrangements that thought about the reintegration of southern states into the Union, just as social liberties strategies that supported African Americans. While there are changing degrees of adequacy in these arrangements, it’s clear that in enormous part the comprehensive position received by the American government was effective. Furthermore, while the legislature was careless in taking into consideration abusive social arrangements, to a degree they needed to embrace this position due to the partitioned socio-social Reconstruction atmosphere. There were an assortment of Reconstruction designs that developed in the wake of the Civil War, each with shifting degrees of rigidity. The first and maybe most powerful reproduction strategy was Lincoln’s 10% Plan. This arrangement was indulgent in that if a Confederate supporter made a vow to help the Union they got an exculpation. Furthermore, if a state had 1/10 of their democratic populace bolster the Union, they were permitted once again into it. Lincoln’s plan was commonly powerful in that it put restricted necessities on reemergence into the Union. All things considered, different strategies set increasingly prohibitive measures. For example, the Wade-Davis bill required that if a dominant part of voters made a ‘iron clad’ vow to help the United States Constitution, at that point another state show would be held. Essentially, in this strategy, any individual who had the position of Colonel or high in the Confederacy couldn't turn into a United State s resident once more. In huge part these strategies made a general condition of uneasiness and doubt in the South, as they accepted that were by and large unreasonably rebuffed. After Lincoln’s death, Andrew John accepted the Presidency. While Johnson had recently preferred prohibitive reproduction strategies, after accepting office his remaking plan acquitted all people except if they had over $20,000; he likewise showed that Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Louisiana had satisfied Lincoln’s 10% arrangement. Like Lincoln’s, these reproduction strategies were effective to a great extent for their comprehensive nature. Significant discussions developed regarding the degree that states ought to be readmitted into the Union and by and by get portrayal. It’s been noticed that the superseding point of view on this issue was that â€Å"inasmuch as the of late extremist States had no legitimate option to isolate themselves from the Union, they despite everyth ing hold their situations as States, and subsequently the individuals thereof reserve an option to prompt portrayal in Congress without the inconvenience of any conditions whatever† (‘odur’). Various people voiced difference to this point of view, contending that as these states surrendered from the Union effortlessly there ought to be significant thought in permitting them to rejoin the Union. Indeed, even as these are legitimate points of view, it’s away from empowering an environment of inclusivity was the most suitable Reconstruction strategy. In such matters, one thinks about that to an extraordinary degree the United States was encountering a time of noteworthy hardship and division and it was important to make a time of generosity and acknowledgment that would reestablish the Union. There are additionally various critical recorded events to the viability of this approach. Maybe most eminent is the understanding that the United States was established on the privilege to portrayal and that denying this of states would have contradicted center American qualities. One additionally considers the hardline position that Europe and the United States took towards Germany in the period continuing World War I, prompting a great part of the negative feeling that energized World War II. Notwithstanding expansive going strategies that thought about the idea of reintegration into the Union, probably the most noticeable Reconstruction po

How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle - Focus

How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle - Focus With so many blogs out there competing for  thought leadership, it can be hard to create one that stands out. By using MindMeister and your Kindle or a similar e-book reader, you can put together high-value content thats sure to be heard through the web noise. It all starts with finding the relevant sources you need and mapping out your content  in a digital, visual way. Inspired by a  great article about content marketing on the FINN PR blog, weve put together a quick guide  that will enable you to efficiently create  quality content for your blog. 1. Find the Sources You Need for Your Research Writing a high-value content  all begins with good research. You want to look for  studies, surveys, academic papers and e-books that can provide you with unique insights and accurate  data. You can simply start by searching on Amazonâ€"with one of the largest selections of e-books on the Internet, youll almost certainly find a number of books that cover your content there. If youre looking into  a slightly more niche topic, a good place to look for sources is Google Scholar, Googles free search engine that indexes full text or metadata of scholarly literature. Be sure to check out their search tips to get the best results. Alternatively, you can browse the  databases of universities, which often publish their own research papers, or use online libraries such as the Internet Archive or online journals such as PLOS ONE or JSTOR  to search for material. Note that some of these services arent free, so if youre on a budget, a good way to save money is to become a member at a library that subscribes to these  databases. Youll usually be able to visit the library website from your own home andâ€"using your login credentialsâ€"access thousands of papers for very little money. 2. Collect Material on Your Kindle and  Highlight Key Ideas After youve collected a nice selection of sources, its best to gather them all in one place. Your e-book reader  is the perfect platform to do so because you can simply take the whole library with you and dig into the research whenever you have some timeâ€"in bed, on your commute to the office or in the doctors waiting room. Using the Kindles highlighting feature  you can mark  important information in the text that you want to reference or quote in your article. Thoughts, questions or ideas that pop into your head while reading can also be saved, using the Note feature. All in all,  your e-book reader just  makes it incredibly easy to stay  organized and sift through loads of information in an efficient way. 3. Transfer  Books onto Your Kindle If youve bought e-books on Amazon, youll be able to download them wirelessly  onto your Kindle.  To transfer  PDFs or Kindle files youve acquired elsewhere, connect your Kindle to your computer via USB  and use your file browser to drag and drop the PDF onto the device. 4. View  Your Highlights and Notes There are three ways to view your Kindle notes and highlights: 1) To view the highlights and notes of a specific book directly on your Kindle, just open the book and tap on Go to in the header. In the dialog that opens, select the Notes register. 2) A collection of all your highlights and notes from all your e-books can be viewed on the Your Highlights page online. Note however that highlights you made in your  PDFs are not included in this collection. 3) You can connect your Kindle to your computer via USB and copy the whole My Clippings.txt file onto your hard drive. This method seems to export highlights from PDFs as well, and you can open and read this plain text file without any special tools. Please note that some publishers create a clipping limit for their books which is oftentimes in the range of 10-20% of the whole text. This doesnt limit the number of highlights you can make in the e-book itself, but it does limit  the amount of highlights you can view  on your highlights page online or export in the text file. 5. Export Kindle Highlights to MindMeister Mind Maps The more you read about your subject the harder it is  to remember all the different opinions, facts, pros and cons you want to include in your article. If you sit down and try to get started on the text  right away, youll have a hard time turning all the different bits and pieces of information into a coherent text thats both  logical and keeps the reader engaged. Thats why its so important not to jump head over heels into the writing process. Before you even open your Word document,  you need to get a good overview of all arguments, ideas and quotes group related pieces of information identify  connections, holes and possible contradictions in your arguments outline  a coherent structure A mind map is the ideal format for this workflow because it allows you to visualize all arguments  on a two-dimensional canvas, draw connections between them and freely move them around until youve created the perfect structure. There are a number of different tools you can use to extract your highlights, such as Bookcision (free; downloads all highlights from an e-book), Sumnotes (free; extracts highlights from PDF files), and  Clippings.io (€1.49 per month for the Chrome extension; import, organize and export all your highlights). These are all fantastic tools and you should definitely look into them if you want to organize  your entire highlight library and make it searchable. If your goal is to prepare a specific article and quickly get only a limited number of  highlights into a mind map, we find that the easiest method is this: Step 1: Copy your My Clippings.txt file onto your computer as outlined above. Step 2: Create a new MindMeister mind map and write the title of your blog post in the center. Step 3: Open the text file and copy-paste the highlights into the mind map, turning each individual highlight into a new topic (bubble).  Paste the source of the highlight into the Notes section of the topic. This way youll keep the canvas nice and clean, but youll still be able to come back and check each arguments source. Step 4: Add other sources to your mind map, such as YouTube videos or arguments from online articles. You can simply paste the URLs of online sources onto the topics to create clickable links. Step 5: Move topics around to group related ideas. Use numbered icons to indicate the order of arguments. When youre done, your mind map could look something like this: 6. Write  Your Article Now its time to convert  your visual outline  to a piece of high-value content blog post. There are two ways to do this. 1.  Keep the mind map open on the left side of your desktop and open a new text document next to it. This way youll be able to keep an eye on the map at all times while you write the article. 2. Right-click on the center topic in the map and select Tools Copy as Text from the menu. This will open a little dialog where you can copy all map contents and paste them into your text document, where you can then expand on each argument further. By taking advantage of your Kindle and the mind mapping technique  youll be able to efficiently  create high-value content for your blogâ€"without getting lost in the research. This approach will keep you organized, and lead you to well-thought-out articles that keep audiences engaged. Get started with mind mapping Sign up for MindMeister Its free! Sign up for MindMeister How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle - Focus With so many blogs out there competing for  thought leadership, it can be hard to create one that stands out. By using MindMeister and your Kindle or a similar e-book reader, you can put together high-value content thats sure to be heard through the web noise. It all starts with finding the relevant sources you need and mapping out your content  in a digital, visual way. Inspired by a  great article about content marketing on the FINN PR blog, weve put together a quick guide  that will enable you to efficiently create  quality content for your blog. 1. Find the Sources You Need for Your Research Writing a high-value content  all begins with good research. You want to look for  studies, surveys, academic papers and e-books that can provide you with unique insights and accurate  data. You can simply start by searching on Amazonâ€"with one of the largest selections of e-books on the Internet, youll almost certainly find a number of books that cover your content there. If youre looking into  a slightly more niche topic, a good place to look for sources is Google Scholar, Googles free search engine that indexes full text or metadata of scholarly literature. Be sure to check out their search tips to get the best results. Alternatively, you can browse the  databases of universities, which often publish their own research papers, or use online libraries such as the Internet Archive or online journals such as PLOS ONE or JSTOR  to search for material. Note that some of these services arent free, so if youre on a budget, a good way to save money is to become a member at a library that subscribes to these  databases. Youll usually be able to visit the library website from your own home andâ€"using your login credentialsâ€"access thousands of papers for very little money. 2. Collect Material on Your Kindle and  Highlight Key Ideas After youve collected a nice selection of sources, its best to gather them all in one place. Your e-book reader  is the perfect platform to do so because you can simply take the whole library with you and dig into the research whenever you have some timeâ€"in bed, on your commute to the office or in the doctors waiting room. Using the Kindles highlighting feature  you can mark  important information in the text that you want to reference or quote in your article. Thoughts, questions or ideas that pop into your head while reading can also be saved, using the Note feature. All in all,  your e-book reader just  makes it incredibly easy to stay  organized and sift through loads of information in an efficient way. 3. Transfer  Books onto Your Kindle If youve bought e-books on Amazon, youll be able to download them wirelessly  onto your Kindle.  To transfer  PDFs or Kindle files youve acquired elsewhere, connect your Kindle to your computer via USB  and use your file browser to drag and drop the PDF onto the device. 4. View  Your Highlights and Notes There are three ways to view your Kindle notes and highlights: 1) To view the highlights and notes of a specific book directly on your Kindle, just open the book and tap on Go to in the header. In the dialog that opens, select the Notes register. 2) A collection of all your highlights and notes from all your e-books can be viewed on the Your Highlights page online. Note however that highlights you made in your  PDFs are not included in this collection. 3) You can connect your Kindle to your computer via USB and copy the whole My Clippings.txt file onto your hard drive. This method seems to export highlights from PDFs as well, and you can open and read this plain text file without any special tools. Please note that some publishers create a clipping limit for their books which is oftentimes in the range of 10-20% of the whole text. This doesnt limit the number of highlights you can make in the e-book itself, but it does limit  the amount of highlights you can view  on your highlights page online or export in the text file. 5. Export Kindle Highlights to MindMeister Mind Maps The more you read about your subject the harder it is  to remember all the different opinions, facts, pros and cons you want to include in your article. If you sit down and try to get started on the text  right away, youll have a hard time turning all the different bits and pieces of information into a coherent text thats both  logical and keeps the reader engaged. Thats why its so important not to jump head over heels into the writing process. Before you even open your Word document,  you need to get a good overview of all arguments, ideas and quotes group related pieces of information identify  connections, holes and possible contradictions in your arguments outline  a coherent structure A mind map is the ideal format for this workflow because it allows you to visualize all arguments  on a two-dimensional canvas, draw connections between them and freely move them around until youve created the perfect structure. There are a number of different tools you can use to extract your highlights, such as Bookcision (free; downloads all highlights from an e-book), Sumnotes (free; extracts highlights from PDF files), and  Clippings.io (€1.49 per month for the Chrome extension; import, organize and export all your highlights). These are all fantastic tools and you should definitely look into them if you want to organize  your entire highlight library and make it searchable. If your goal is to prepare a specific article and quickly get only a limited number of  highlights into a mind map, we find that the easiest method is this: Step 1: Copy your My Clippings.txt file onto your computer as outlined above. Step 2: Create a new MindMeister mind map and write the title of your blog post in the center. Step 3: Open the text file and copy-paste the highlights into the mind map, turning each individual highlight into a new topic (bubble).  Paste the source of the highlight into the Notes section of the topic. This way youll keep the canvas nice and clean, but youll still be able to come back and check each arguments source. Step 4: Add other sources to your mind map, such as YouTube videos or arguments from online articles. You can simply paste the URLs of online sources onto the topics to create clickable links. Step 5: Move topics around to group related ideas. Use numbered icons to indicate the order of arguments. When youre done, your mind map could look something like this: 6. Write  Your Article Now its time to convert  your visual outline  to a piece of high-value content blog post. There are two ways to do this. 1.  Keep the mind map open on the left side of your desktop and open a new text document next to it. This way youll be able to keep an eye on the map at all times while you write the article. 2. Right-click on the center topic in the map and select Tools Copy as Text from the menu. This will open a little dialog where you can copy all map contents and paste them into your text document, where you can then expand on each argument further. By taking advantage of your Kindle and the mind mapping technique  youll be able to efficiently  create high-value content for your blogâ€"without getting lost in the research. This approach will keep you organized, and lead you to well-thought-out articles that keep audiences engaged. Get started with mind mapping Sign up for MindMeister Its free! Sign up for MindMeister

Gloster Meteor - Gloster Meteor Jet

Gloster Meteor (Meteor F Mk 8): General Length: 44 ft., 7 in.Wingspan: 37 ft., 2 in.Height: 13 ft.Wing Area: 350 sq. ft.Empty Weight: 10,684 lbs.Loaded Weight: 15,700 lbs.Crew: 1Number Built: 3,947 Performance Power Plant:2 Ãâ€" Rolls-Royce Derwent 8 turbojets, 3,500 lbf eachRange: 600 milesMax Speed: 600 mphCeiling: 43,000 ft. Armament Guns: 4 Ãâ€" 20 mm Hispano-Suiza HS.404 cannonsRockets: up to sixteen 60 lb. 3 in. rockets under wings Gloster Meteor - Design Development: Design of the Gloster Meteor began in 1940 when Glosters chief designer, George Carter, began developing concepts for a twin-engine jet fighter. On February 7, 1941, the company received an order for twelve jet fighter prototypes under the Royal Air Forces Specification F9/40 (jet-powered interceptor). Moving forward, Gloster test flew its single-engine E.28/39 on May 15. This was the first flight by a British jet. Assessing the results from the E.38/39, Gloster decided to move forward with a twin-engine design. This was largely due to the low power of early jet engines. Building around this concept, Carters team created an all-metal, single-seat aircraft with a high tailplane to keep the horizontal tailplanes above the jet exhaust. Resting on a tricycle undercarriage, the design possessed conventional straight wings with the engines mounted in streamlined nacelles mid-wing. The cockpit was located forward with a framed glass canopy. For armament, the type possessed four 20 mm cannon mounted in the nose as well as the ability to carry sixteen 3-in. rockets. Initially named Thunderbolt, the name was changed to Meteor to prevent confusion with the Republic P-47 Thunderbolt. The first prototype to fly took off on March 5, 1943 and was powered by two De Havilland Halford H-1 (Goblin) engines. Prototype testing continued through the year as various engines were tried in the aircraft. Moving to production in early 1944, the Meteor F.1 was powered by twin Whittle W.2B/23C (Rolls-Royce Welland) engines. In the course of the development process, prototypes were also used by the Royal Navy to test carrier suitability as well as sent to the United States for assessment by the US Army Air Forces. In return, the USAAF sent an YP-49 Airacomet to the RAF for testing. Becoming Operational: The first batch of 20 Meteors were delivered to the RAF on June 1, 1944. Assigned to No. 616 Squadron, the aircraft replaced the squadrons M.VII Supermarine Spitfires. Moving through conversion training, No. 616 Squadron moved to RAF Manston and began flying sorties to counter the V-1 threat. Commencing operations on July 27, they downed 14 flying bombs while assigned to this task. That December, the squadron transitioned to the improved Meteor F.3 which had improved speed and better pilot visibility. Moved to the Continent in January 1945, the Meteor largely flew ground attack and reconnaissance missions. Though it never encountered its German counterpart, the Messerschmitt Me 262, Meteors were often mistaken for the enemy jet by Allied forces. As a result, Meteors were painted in an all-white configuration for ease of identification. Before the end of the war, the type destroyed 46 German aircraft, all on the ground. With the end of World War II, development of the Meteor continued. Becoming the RAFs primary fighter, the Meteor F.4 was introduced in 1946 and was powered by two Rolls-Royce Derwent 5 engines. Refining the Meteor: In addition to the chance in powerplant, the F.4 saw the airframe strengthened and the cockit pressurized. Produced in large numbers, the F.4 was widely exported. To support Meteor operations, a trainer variant, the T-7, entered service in 1949. In an effort to keep the Meteor on par with new fighters, Gloster continued to improve the design and introduced the definitive F.8 model in August 1949. Featuring Derwent 8 engines, the F.8s fuselage was lengthened and the tail structure redesigned. The variant, which also included a Martin Baker ejection seat, became the backbone of Fighter Command in the early 1950s. Korea: In the course of the Meteors evolution, Gloster also introduced night fighter and reconnaissance versions of the aircraft. The Meteor F.8 saw extensive combat service with Australian forces during the Korean War. Though inferior to the newer swept-wing MiG-15 and North American F-86 Sabre, the Meteor performed well in a ground support role. In the course of the conflict, the Meteor downed six MiGs and destroyed over 1,500 vehicles and 3,500 buildings for a loss of 30 aircraft. By the mid-1950s, the Meteor was phased out of British service with the arrival of the Supermarine Swift and Hawker Hunter. Other Users: Meteors continued to remain in the RAF inventory until the 1980s, but in secondary roles such as target tugs. During the course of its production run, 3,947 Meteors were built with many being exported. Other users of the aircraft included Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Israel, Egypt, Brazil, Argentina, and Ecuador. During the 1956 Suez Crisis, Israeli Meteors downed two Egyptian De Havilland Vampires. Meteors of various types remained in frontline service with some air forces as late as the 1970s and 1980s. Selected Sources Military Factory: Gloster MeteorHistory of War: Gloster MeteorRAF Museum: Gloster Meteor

Target Corporations Supply Chain Management - 1456 Words

Target Corporation Supply Chain Assignment Target’s Supply Chain Unit 2 Assignment GB570 Managing the Value Chain Dr. Rita Gunzelman Kaplan University December 12, 2011 Target’s Supply Chain The purpose of this paper is to show evidence of cohesive knowledge of the supply chain and how it works by the exploration of Target Corporation’s supply chain. Target, one of the nations largest retail chains, first opened in 1962 in Minnesota as key leadership were looking for new ways to move from a family-run (The Dayton Family) department store to a mass market national chain strengthening customer relationships by appealing to value-oriented shoppers in quest of a higher-quality experience. Today, Target operates approximately 1750†¦show more content†¦As a result, Target will keep goods moving on the cheapest forms of transportation whether via all-water, railroad, or transload methods for as long as possible to minimize exposure to high-fuel expenses (Target, 2011; Tirschwell, 2008). Inventory Management Target has developed and caters to the needs of each individual store through their sophisticated technology and Online IT systems. In-stock improvements are supported for efficiency, speed, and profitability with excellent tracking and communication systems (Target, 2011). Processing Target focuses on continued improvements of their customer’s product life-cycle starting at set-up to the delivery of the product by managing process improvements, organizational support, consistent measurement, and technology updates. This global focus helps the Distribution Centers maintain the grounds, equipment and systems, and buildings as well as as providing the leadership and facility operations processes it requires. Transportation To ensure Target meets the needs of their guests effectively and cost efficiently, they manage their overall supply chain to provide the fastest and shortest routes and create a team that has a direct and vital connection between internal purchasing, distribution centers andShow MoreRelatedTarget Chain Of Target Supply Chain1124 Words   |  5 PagesTarget’s Supply Chain This papers purpose is to give an example of the benefits and how the supply chain works by taking a look at the Target Corporation’s supply chain. Target is one of the largest retail chains in the US; they first opened in 1962 in the state of Minnesota. It started out as a family- run (The Dayton Family) department store. After company growth the family started looking for ways to expand. 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“Don’t worry, it’s a 20 minute drive!” †Creative Writing Free Essays

It’s 8. 40 and we’ve just got off the plane. It was the longest flight of our lives. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Don’t worry, it’s a 20 minute drive!† – Creative Writing or any similar topic only for you Order Now With a three hour delay while we were stuck on the plane and then the luggage getting lost. My suitcase managed to get on a flight to Miami and my mums’ to Barcelona! Sometimes I wonder, do the suitcases just sprout legs and go someplace they’ve never been before? We were tired and hungry. We had been awake for almost 20 hours at a stretch and were desperate to flop on to a soft bed and sleep! As we hurriedly looked around for a taxi to get us to our hotel, a tall, tanned lady walked up to my dad and asked him if he wanted to rent a car. Typically, my dad thought it was a good idea. You may not know this, but my family and I, have all experienced my dad’s driving in a foreign city, and believe me it is no where close to good. So, amidst out cries of protest, my adamant dad marched up to the rent-a-car counter and asked for a people carrier. After standing around for another half hour, the lady showed us to a lift and told us our car would be waiting downstairs. We found that we had a bright green people carrier to drive around New York for the week that we were there. After moaning and groaning we all got in the car, and my dad ad started driving to the exit of the parking lot when he suddenly braked and started reversing back to the lift where the lady was still standing and waving. He had forgotten to ask for directions. He sat back in his seat mumbling about â€Å"turn right at the light, then take a U turn and head back east on the thru way. At exit 443 take a right and follow signs to the†¦ or was it turn right then left and then take a U turn? † My mum was already furious with my dad for agreeing to the idea of the car. Tight lipped, in her â€Å"this is so annoying† voice she asked my dad if he was sure of where he was going. Obviously no man likes to dmit he’s not sure so in his very false voice he assured my mum that he was positive about where we were going and that the lady had told him its only a â€Å"20 minute drive† and â€Å"not to worry†. The lady couldn’t have been more wrong. She obviously misjudged my dad and may have over-estimated him when she saw his international driving license. â€Å"Wroom, Wrooom†, the vehicle, startedas though we were about to begin a race. It was warmed up and all set to embark on the race against time. Our course was unknown and we had one of the slowest drivers of all time. Taking it at 5Km an hour, we took 20 minutes alone to get ut of the three-storey parking lot. How long was it going to take us to get to the hotel? When we eventually got on the road, my younger brother said he needed the toilet. As usual my mum taking charge asked my brother to wait 20 minutes while we got to the hotel, while giving my dad a very wary look. I think, having a mothers instinct she knew that stopping anywhere would just prolong this dreaded journey and we would all end up traipsing to bathroom and making an even bigger mess of ourselves. Luckily, my dad made a good guess and we turned on to the right road. It was usually my brother managed to get s to our planned destination, because my dad’s sense of direction is as good as any bird that flies into a window. Tired of directing my dad during previous escapades like this, my brother had flat out refused to do any sort of map reading. After much driving on a straight, dimly lit road there was finally a lonesome turning to the right, which my dad decided to take. Obviously, our good luck had to run out at some point, and this was the time. We were on a nameless bridge which we later found out was the Brooklyn Bridge. It was now when my mother began panicking. We had been driving for 25 minutes already and there was still no ign of getting to Manhattan Island. While my mum was muttering to herself about how we wouldn’t make it to the hotel in time and that they would cancel our booking, my dad just said that being on the bridge gave us a view of the beautiful city of New York at night. All we had left now was to â€Å"follow the signs and arrows. † The average person might ask, how difficult could it be to follow signs? Obviously, this hadn’t had the experience of a lifetime: A car journey with my dad. So, driving along the Brooklyn Bridge, my brothers and I were taking my dads advice and were enjoying the view, when we made a very unexpected stop. We had just come to a tollbooth. Now, having arrived a mere hour ago we hadn’t had the chance to acquire any spare change, so my dad had to reach into his secret money belt which was tucked under his shirt, and he pulled out 50 dollars. The man taking our money gave my dad a very shocked look as he gave back 48 dollars and 50 cents. Luckily, my dad had thought that it was a good idea to ask the man how to get to Manhattan Island. He told us to take the second exit on the left and then follow the signs. We did just that. Or we thought we did. I think it was because we weren’t accustomed to the American accent; either that or the guy was trying to lead us into Harlem on purpose. Harlem is supposedly the most dangerous neighborhood in New York. At hearing the news, my mum became really hysterical; she kept yelling useless opinions like: â€Å"I told you not to get the car! Now were all going to get shot! Why do you have to put all our lives at stake? † My dad just raised his eyebrows and carried on driving. My brother was complaining that he was really desperate for the bathroom, and that just got my mum started again with things like: â€Å"Look at what you’ve done! We can’t even stop any where because we’re in HARLEM nd his bladders going to burst, and†¦. and†¦. † At this point I just blocked my mum out. Before we knew it, thanks to the well-lit signboard pointing us out of Harlem we were back on the Brooklyn Bridge. My mum calmed down, but only very slightly. Anything was appreciated at this time, because it was nearly 11. 30 a nd my brothers and I were dying with tiredness. My dad just kept driving. He was wide-awake. How? I don’t know, but I had a fealing it may have had something to do with the 3 cups of coffee he had on the plane. Shockingly, we ended up at another tollbooth and asked directions. Again. After about 10 minutes of nodding, ointing and looking at the map, we were finally on our way. It was like Christmas come early when we reached a turn off. We were finally getting of the bridge! Suddenly, all our sleepiness left us. We were back to a wide-awake state and were all excited to finally be going somewhere. What seemed like 10 minutes later, we were getting out of the dreaded people carrier and were walking in to the hotel. The first thing my brother did was make a beeline for the bathroom. It seems amazing, that how ever many bad experiences we have with driving cars in foreign, and sometimes in not so foreign countries my dad never gives up. How to cite â€Å"Don’t worry, it’s a 20 minute drive!† – Creative Writing, Papers

Effective Security Policies of an Organization-Sample for Students

Question: Discuss about the Development of Effective Security Policies of an Organization. Answer: Introduction The development of effective security policies is very important to any organization. Different types of information are stored in different information systems, and their relevance and value are depended on the security of the information. Therefore is important that organizations develop effective security policies aided to protect the information as well as the individuals interacting with the information. An information technology security policy is, therefore, a well-written strategy that identifies the rules and procedures for accessing, protecting and maintaining an organizations network, information technology assets as well as resources (Siponen et al. 2014, p. 12). It is a company document that states the company plans aimed at protecting the company physical assets as well as the information technology assets. This report seeks to help us understand security policies and their purpose as well as the methodologies and processes used by an organization in developing the poli cy guideline. A special focus will be laid to the chosen acceptable use policy as our case security policy. Literature review Many corporate organizations, businesses or educational institution have embraced the adoption and use of security policies in governing the access and usage of certain information. The development of the Acceptable Use Policy has helped many organizations in stipulating the constraints and user practices that they must agree to before accessing or getting access to a certain corporate network or the internet (Herath et al. 2014, p. 67). According to information technology, a security policy in the most case establishes what must be done by a user, an administrator of a website, the owner or the creator of the website or internet to protect information stored in their computer database (Safa et al. 2016, p. 45). The security policies are continuously upgraded or updated due to changes resulting from employee or technology requirements. The security policies are designed to ensure that information in an organization, business or any institution website is confidential, valuable and av ailable in time of need without any compromise or modification which distorts the information. For information system to be termed as secure, then it must meet its objectives of confidentiality, integrity, and availability which are termed as the characteristic elements of a secure system. Security policies, therefore, ensure that confidentiality is achieved by allowing access to information to only authorized persons or by ensuring that valuable information is only kept in the hands of the intended persons (D'Arcy et al. 2014, p. 23). Its objective of integrity requires that the system should maintain the value as well as the state of the information by protecting it from modification while availability objective requires that the information and security should always be available when they are needed. The Acceptable use policy is, therefore, a security policy mostly used in many educational facilities and in most corporate and business facilities which require that employees and students must sign up an acceptable or legal use policy before being granted a network ID. In this case, an Acceptable Use Policy is normally presented to the user when he signs up with an Internet Service provider (ISP). The policy gives or provides certain guidelines which the user must agree to and in most case guide or restrict the user from using the service as part of violating any law or attempting to break the security system of any computer network (Sommestad et al. 2014). It also regulates or restricts the posting of commercial messages to unauthorized groups as well as an attempt to send junk emails or spam to anyone. The security policy is therefore used to establish what must be done by corporate business and educational institutions to the information stored on their computers as well as busi ness websites. The policy is also used to protect individuals or people working or having access to the information since anyone who makes decisions or takes action in any situation where the information is at risk is equally at risk (Peltier, 2016). And therefore the security policy allows people to take necessary actions without fear of reprisal and also compels the safeguarding of information by eliminating or reducing personal liability for employees or users of the information. Regardless of the network used as to whether the organizations, institutions or businesses use the Local Area Network (LAN) or even the Wide Area Network (WAN), it is important that they develop effective security policies. Therefore, the Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) forms an integral part of the framework of security policies. Methodology To develop an effective security policy and in this case, an acceptable use policy, certain guidelines, and steps are to be developed by the organization, company, business or an educational institution. Such procedures include those of risk assessment, password policies guidelines, organizational, administrative response, the user responsibilities, the e-mail guidelines and policies, the internet guidelines, disaster recovery as well intrusion detection policies. Therefore the first step to developing an acceptable use policy is to conduct a risk assessment with the organization, company, business or education institution which faces information risk and is in need of security policies. Risk assessment is usually an ongoing process of discovery or potential security risk, correcting them and preventing future problems (Neisse et al. 2014, p. 123). It is also an essential part of sound security practices and forms an important part of compliance with security standards. Risk assessment helps the organization or business to determine the level acceptable level of the risks as well the resulting security requirements for each identified risk, and it involves system risk documentation, determination, and safeguarding. The second guideline provided in the development of the acceptable use policy is the development of password or designing the organizational password policy. Passwords have been found to be very important aspects of computer information security whereby a poorly chosen password may result in unauthorized access or exploitation of the company resources (Neisse et al. 2014). Organization needs develop effective password policy to govern the authorization of access to company or organizational information. Such password policies include the regulating of sharing of the password which requires that for information technology security passwords should not be shared and should always be treated as sensitive and confidential and therefore should not be shared through websites or any link which may pose a risk to the information or data related to the company or organization. The administrative response is also very important in developing an effective security policy, it is, therefore, important for the information technology experts involved in designing and development of the security policies to inform the administrative personnel of the organization. They will then help in providing measures or developing the action and against the users going against or caught violating the security policies. Their response ensures that the policy is agreed upon by the management and administrative departments of the system. They also give more recommendations on what should be done to enhance data or information security with their organization from their experience. The other important step to the development of effective security policy is helping to make the users understand their responsibilities when using the information system. This is important because most networks today are faced with conflicting goals of availability, security, and scalability (Webb et al. 2014, p. 90). In this case, most users are only concerned with the availability of the information, and they need, or concern is to use the tools to undertake certain tasks. In most cases, most users tend to defeat the information security procedures or guidelines when they perceive them as been an interference or obstacle to their workflow (Ulusoy et al. 2015, p. 453). It is therefore important for the organization or businesses to build user awareness programs to issues relating to information security by clearly defining their security objectives to the users, by identifying their user groups for effective security control as well as presenting their security policies to the users . Since most organizations use emails to perform most of their communication, it is important also to develop email and internet policies governing the same. This is because most of the information may be sent as spam or may be modified to distort the intended message. Such policies govern the domains of the company emails and can even give a specification of the size or content of the message or email. Such ensures that business emails are not used for personal purposes, but their use is only limited and restricted to official office use only. In such case, if anyone caught defeating such policies then appropriate administrative measures can be adopted (Arpaci et al. 2015). Internet policies relating to the computing facilities should also be developed to control the information risk in either a general network security, network security or server security. Lastly, its the development of disaster or data recovery systems including back up files as well as system restore and also security mechanisms for intrusion detection. The backup and restore networks are very important to the continuity of a business and therefore their environments must be secured. As much as the backing up of data is necessary it is not always sufficient as long their backup environment is not secured (Ahmad et al. 2014). Organizations and businesses, therefore, must ensure their computing facilities are equipped or installed with backup and restore networks which are secured by implementing appropriate technologies in the backup storage devices as well as implement an appliance that can encrypt data at some point in the storage network. Such steps and guidelines will lead to the development of effective, acceptable use security policy that can be helpful to many organizations, businesses as well as educational institutions. Conclusion From the findings above related to the development of acceptable use security policy for organizations, business, or education facilities it is recommended that the organization should first create user awareness through education on the importance of information security. It will provide them with the knowledge as some of the users of such information do not know the importance of the security measures imposed and whether they are any legal actions if anyone found violating or experiences a risk related to the certain information. Since most employees in business access the internets and business websites to perform their given tasks, the organizations should try to change the attitude of the users towards the realization of their role in company security (DeHaan et al. 2015). It is equally important that the employees understand that the business needs them as they need it to and therefore issues of security should be a collective initiative of both parties. The risk to information has also been encountered due to lack of effective monitoring and evaluation. It is therefore recommended that the website operators and managers should always try to ask for feedback from the users about their experience when using certain websites or internet sources and monitor their progress as they continue to use them. Some end up performing task-irrelevant and others which cannot be supported by certain systems and hence may lead to crackdown or loss of important data. In the case where the companies have some sensitive information which cannot be relayed to the public than the organizations are recommended to develop different websites for different users to limit access to sensitive data (Muthalagu 2016). It is also recommended that the companies develop information security website where users can start familiarizing themselves with the internet security issues which should be clear to understand as well as easy for the users to browse and navigate. In conclusion, security policies are therefore important for any organization dealing with internet resources and assets. The security of internet information is the responsibility of the administrators, owners or creators or websites as well as the users of the internet resources. For the systems to be secured the most important policy to be adopted is, therefore, the acceptable use security policy as it guides and regulates the initial access to the internet. It's effective development and implementation will play a very important role in the overall security of other internet related risks. List of References Ahmad, A., Maynard, S.B. and Park, S., 2014. Information security strategies: towards an organizational multi-strategy perspective. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 25(2), pp.357-370. Arpaci, I., Kilicer, K. and Bardakci, S., 2015. Effects of security and privacy concerns on educational use of cloud services.Computers in Human Behavior, 45, pp. 93-98. D'Arcy, J., Herath, T. and Shoss, M.K., 2014. Understanding employee responses to stressful information security requirements: a coping perspective. Journal of Management Information Systems, 31(2), pp.285-318. DeHaan, M.P., Likins, A.K. and Vidal, S.K., Red Hat, Inc., 2015.Discovery of network software relationships.U.S. Patent 8,990,368. Herath, T., Chen, R., Wang, J., Banjara, K., Wilbur, J. and Rao, H.R., 2014. Security services as coping mechanisms: an investigation into user intention to adopt an email authentication service. Information systems journal, 24(1), pp.61-84. Hsu, J.S.C., Shih, S.P., Hung, Y.W. and Lowry, P.B., 2015. The role of extra-role behaviors and social controls in information security policy effectiveness. Information Systems Research, 26(2), pp.282-300. Muthalagu, I., 2016. PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) System Administrator Process for Document Management System (DMS) in Energy Devices Domain. Neisse, R., Steri, G. and Baldini, G., 2014, October. Enforcement of security policy rules for the internet of things. In Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), 2014 IEEE 10th International Conference on (pp. 165-172). IEEE. Peltier, T.R., 2016. Information Security Policies, Procedures, and Standards: guidelines for effective information security management. CRC Press. Safa, N.S., Von Solms, R. and Furnell, S., 2016.Information security policy compliance model in organizations. Computers security, 56, pp.70-82. Siponen, M., Mahmood, M.A. and Pahnila, S., 2014. Employees adherence to information security policies: An exploratory field study. Information management, 51(2), pp.217-224. Sommestad, T., Hallberg, J., Lundholm, K. and Bengtsson, J., 2014. Variables influencing information security policy compliance: a systematic review of quantitative studies. Information Management Computer Security, 22(1), pp.42-75. Ulusoy, H., Colombo, P., Ferrari, E., Kantarcioglu, M. and Pattuk, E., 2015, April.GuardMR: fine-grained security policy enforcement for MapReduce systems. In Proceedings of the 10th ACM Symposium on Information, Computer and Communications Security (pp. 285-296).ACM. Webb, J., Ahmad, A., Maynard, S.B. and Shanks, G., 2014. A situation awareness model for information security risk management.Computers security, 44, pp.1-15.