Medicare funding and Reibursement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Medicare financing and Reibursement - Essay Example The figures gave in the model have been utilized in the counts. SNF base rate = 70% balanced by territory compensation (emergency clinic wage list) + 30% non-work related part (base balanced for topographical components x RUG weight). The nursing pace of $151 according to (Medpac 2008) will be utilized in the computation. As far as Participating Physician who acknowledge task on every single case the Physician charges Medicare and the patient 100% of the Medicare endorsed expense which is $125,000 for this situation. Medicare will pay 80% which is equal to $100,000 and the patient will pay 20% which rises to $25,000. As far as a Non-taking an interest Physician who acknowledges task dependent upon the situation Medicare and the patient will be charged for 95% of the Medicare affirmed expense of $125,000. 95% is spoken to by $118,750. Medicare will pay 80% of $118,750 which is equivalent to $95,000 and the patient will pay 20% which is equivalent to $23,750. As for Non-taking an interest Physicians who don't acknowledge task the patient is charged for 115% of the Medicare affirmed expense of $125,000. This 115% is equivalent to $143,750. The patient makes the whole installment and Medicare repays 80% of the affirmed charge for non-partaking doctors. Consequently, Medicare would pay 80% of $118,750 which is equivalent to $95,000 and the patient will bear the contrast between what was paid to the Non-taking an interest Physician which is $143,750 short $95,000, which is equivalent to $48,750. Habitats for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2010). Truth Sheet: Acute Care Hospital Inpatient Prospective Payment System. Recovered: http://www.cms.gov/MLNProducts/downloads/AcutePaymtSysfctsht.pdf. Last got to 31 Mar

Were the policies followed at the beginning of Reconstruction the best Essay

Were the arrangements followed toward the start of Reconstruction the most ideal game-plan for the United states - Essay Example This article has inspected the degree that approaches followed toward the start of Reconstruction were the most ideal game-plans for the United States. In this setting of comprehension it’s exhibited that the United States established shifting degrees of arrangements that thought about the reintegration of southern states into the Union, just as social liberties strategies that supported African Americans. While there are changing degrees of adequacy in these arrangements, it’s clear that in enormous part the comprehensive position received by the American government was effective. Furthermore, while the legislature was careless in taking into consideration abusive social arrangements, to a degree they needed to embrace this position due to the partitioned socio-social Reconstruction atmosphere. There were an assortment of Reconstruction designs that developed in the wake of the Civil War, each with shifting degrees of rigidity. The first and maybe most powerful reproduction strategy was Lincoln’s 10% Plan. This arrangement was indulgent in that if a Confederate supporter made a vow to help the Union they got an exculpation. Furthermore, if a state had 1/10 of their democratic populace bolster the Union, they were permitted once again into it. Lincoln’s plan was commonly powerful in that it put restricted necessities on reemergence into the Union. All things considered, different strategies set increasingly prohibitive measures. For example, the Wade-Davis bill required that if a dominant part of voters made a ‘iron clad’ vow to help the United States Constitution, at that point another state show would be held. Essentially, in this strategy, any individual who had the position of Colonel or high in the Confederacy couldn't turn into a United State s resident once more. In huge part these strategies made a general condition of uneasiness and doubt in the South, as they accepted that were by and large unreasonably rebuffed. After Lincoln’s death, Andrew John accepted the Presidency. While Johnson had recently preferred prohibitive reproduction strategies, after accepting office his remaking plan acquitted all people except if they had over $20,000; he likewise showed that Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Louisiana had satisfied Lincoln’s 10% arrangement. Like Lincoln’s, these reproduction strategies were effective to a great extent for their comprehensive nature. Significant discussions developed regarding the degree that states ought to be readmitted into the Union and by and by get portrayal. It’s been noticed that the superseding point of view on this issue was that â€Å"inasmuch as the of late extremist States had no legitimate option to isolate themselves from the Union, they despite everyth ing hold their situations as States, and subsequently the individuals thereof reserve an option to prompt portrayal in Congress without the inconvenience of any conditions whatever† (‘odur’). Various people voiced difference to this point of view, contending that as these states surrendered from the Union effortlessly there ought to be significant thought in permitting them to rejoin the Union. Indeed, even as these are legitimate points of view, it’s away from empowering an environment of inclusivity was the most suitable Reconstruction strategy. In such matters, one thinks about that to an extraordinary degree the United States was encountering a time of noteworthy hardship and division and it was important to make a time of generosity and acknowledgment that would reestablish the Union. There are additionally various critical recorded events to the viability of this approach. Maybe most eminent is the understanding that the United States was established on the privilege to portrayal and that denying this of states would have contradicted center American qualities. One additionally considers the hardline position that Europe and the United States took towards Germany in the period continuing World War I, prompting a great part of the negative feeling that energized World War II. Notwithstanding expansive going strategies that thought about the idea of reintegration into the Union, probably the most noticeable Reconstruction po

How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle - Focus

How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle - Focus With so many blogs out there competing for  thought leadership, it can be hard to create one that stands out. By using MindMeister and your Kindle or a similar e-book reader, you can put together high-value content thats sure to be heard through the web noise. It all starts with finding the relevant sources you need and mapping out your content  in a digital, visual way. Inspired by a  great article about content marketing on the FINN PR blog, weve put together a quick guide  that will enable you to efficiently create  quality content for your blog. 1. Find the Sources You Need for Your Research Writing a high-value content  all begins with good research. You want to look for  studies, surveys, academic papers and e-books that can provide you with unique insights and accurate  data. You can simply start by searching on Amazonâ€"with one of the largest selections of e-books on the Internet, youll almost certainly find a number of books that cover your content there. If youre looking into  a slightly more niche topic, a good place to look for sources is Google Scholar, Googles free search engine that indexes full text or metadata of scholarly literature. Be sure to check out their search tips to get the best results. Alternatively, you can browse the  databases of universities, which often publish their own research papers, or use online libraries such as the Internet Archive or online journals such as PLOS ONE or JSTOR  to search for material. Note that some of these services arent free, so if youre on a budget, a good way to save money is to become a member at a library that subscribes to these  databases. Youll usually be able to visit the library website from your own home andâ€"using your login credentialsâ€"access thousands of papers for very little money. 2. Collect Material on Your Kindle and  Highlight Key Ideas After youve collected a nice selection of sources, its best to gather them all in one place. Your e-book reader  is the perfect platform to do so because you can simply take the whole library with you and dig into the research whenever you have some timeâ€"in bed, on your commute to the office or in the doctors waiting room. Using the Kindles highlighting feature  you can mark  important information in the text that you want to reference or quote in your article. Thoughts, questions or ideas that pop into your head while reading can also be saved, using the Note feature. All in all,  your e-book reader just  makes it incredibly easy to stay  organized and sift through loads of information in an efficient way. 3. Transfer  Books onto Your Kindle If youve bought e-books on Amazon, youll be able to download them wirelessly  onto your Kindle.  To transfer  PDFs or Kindle files youve acquired elsewhere, connect your Kindle to your computer via USB  and use your file browser to drag and drop the PDF onto the device. 4. View  Your Highlights and Notes There are three ways to view your Kindle notes and highlights: 1) To view the highlights and notes of a specific book directly on your Kindle, just open the book and tap on Go to in the header. In the dialog that opens, select the Notes register. 2) A collection of all your highlights and notes from all your e-books can be viewed on the Your Highlights page online. Note however that highlights you made in your  PDFs are not included in this collection. 3) You can connect your Kindle to your computer via USB and copy the whole My Clippings.txt file onto your hard drive. This method seems to export highlights from PDFs as well, and you can open and read this plain text file without any special tools. Please note that some publishers create a clipping limit for their books which is oftentimes in the range of 10-20% of the whole text. This doesnt limit the number of highlights you can make in the e-book itself, but it does limit  the amount of highlights you can view  on your highlights page online or export in the text file. 5. Export Kindle Highlights to MindMeister Mind Maps The more you read about your subject the harder it is  to remember all the different opinions, facts, pros and cons you want to include in your article. If you sit down and try to get started on the text  right away, youll have a hard time turning all the different bits and pieces of information into a coherent text thats both  logical and keeps the reader engaged. Thats why its so important not to jump head over heels into the writing process. Before you even open your Word document,  you need to get a good overview of all arguments, ideas and quotes group related pieces of information identify  connections, holes and possible contradictions in your arguments outline  a coherent structure A mind map is the ideal format for this workflow because it allows you to visualize all arguments  on a two-dimensional canvas, draw connections between them and freely move them around until youve created the perfect structure. There are a number of different tools you can use to extract your highlights, such as Bookcision (free; downloads all highlights from an e-book), Sumnotes (free; extracts highlights from PDF files), and  Clippings.io (€1.49 per month for the Chrome extension; import, organize and export all your highlights). These are all fantastic tools and you should definitely look into them if you want to organize  your entire highlight library and make it searchable. If your goal is to prepare a specific article and quickly get only a limited number of  highlights into a mind map, we find that the easiest method is this: Step 1: Copy your My Clippings.txt file onto your computer as outlined above. Step 2: Create a new MindMeister mind map and write the title of your blog post in the center. Step 3: Open the text file and copy-paste the highlights into the mind map, turning each individual highlight into a new topic (bubble).  Paste the source of the highlight into the Notes section of the topic. This way youll keep the canvas nice and clean, but youll still be able to come back and check each arguments source. Step 4: Add other sources to your mind map, such as YouTube videos or arguments from online articles. You can simply paste the URLs of online sources onto the topics to create clickable links. Step 5: Move topics around to group related ideas. Use numbered icons to indicate the order of arguments. When youre done, your mind map could look something like this: 6. Write  Your Article Now its time to convert  your visual outline  to a piece of high-value content blog post. There are two ways to do this. 1.  Keep the mind map open on the left side of your desktop and open a new text document next to it. This way youll be able to keep an eye on the map at all times while you write the article. 2. Right-click on the center topic in the map and select Tools Copy as Text from the menu. This will open a little dialog where you can copy all map contents and paste them into your text document, where you can then expand on each argument further. By taking advantage of your Kindle and the mind mapping technique  youll be able to efficiently  create high-value content for your blogâ€"without getting lost in the research. This approach will keep you organized, and lead you to well-thought-out articles that keep audiences engaged. Get started with mind mapping Sign up for MindMeister Its free! Sign up for MindMeister How to Create High-Value Content with MindMeister and Your Kindle - Focus With so many blogs out there competing for  thought leadership, it can be hard to create one that stands out. By using MindMeister and your Kindle or a similar e-book reader, you can put together high-value content thats sure to be heard through the web noise. It all starts with finding the relevant sources you need and mapping out your content  in a digital, visual way. Inspired by a  great article about content marketing on the FINN PR blog, weve put together a quick guide  that will enable you to efficiently create  quality content for your blog. 1. Find the Sources You Need for Your Research Writing a high-value content  all begins with good research. You want to look for  studies, surveys, academic papers and e-books that can provide you with unique insights and accurate  data. You can simply start by searching on Amazonâ€"with one of the largest selections of e-books on the Internet, youll almost certainly find a number of books that cover your content there. If youre looking into  a slightly more niche topic, a good place to look for sources is Google Scholar, Googles free search engine that indexes full text or metadata of scholarly literature. Be sure to check out their search tips to get the best results. Alternatively, you can browse the  databases of universities, which often publish their own research papers, or use online libraries such as the Internet Archive or online journals such as PLOS ONE or JSTOR  to search for material. Note that some of these services arent free, so if youre on a budget, a good way to save money is to become a member at a library that subscribes to these  databases. Youll usually be able to visit the library website from your own home andâ€"using your login credentialsâ€"access thousands of papers for very little money. 2. Collect Material on Your Kindle and  Highlight Key Ideas After youve collected a nice selection of sources, its best to gather them all in one place. Your e-book reader  is the perfect platform to do so because you can simply take the whole library with you and dig into the research whenever you have some timeâ€"in bed, on your commute to the office or in the doctors waiting room. Using the Kindles highlighting feature  you can mark  important information in the text that you want to reference or quote in your article. Thoughts, questions or ideas that pop into your head while reading can also be saved, using the Note feature. All in all,  your e-book reader just  makes it incredibly easy to stay  organized and sift through loads of information in an efficient way. 3. Transfer  Books onto Your Kindle If youve bought e-books on Amazon, youll be able to download them wirelessly  onto your Kindle.  To transfer  PDFs or Kindle files youve acquired elsewhere, connect your Kindle to your computer via USB  and use your file browser to drag and drop the PDF onto the device. 4. View  Your Highlights and Notes There are three ways to view your Kindle notes and highlights: 1) To view the highlights and notes of a specific book directly on your Kindle, just open the book and tap on Go to in the header. In the dialog that opens, select the Notes register. 2) A collection of all your highlights and notes from all your e-books can be viewed on the Your Highlights page online. Note however that highlights you made in your  PDFs are not included in this collection. 3) You can connect your Kindle to your computer via USB and copy the whole My Clippings.txt file onto your hard drive. This method seems to export highlights from PDFs as well, and you can open and read this plain text file without any special tools. Please note that some publishers create a clipping limit for their books which is oftentimes in the range of 10-20% of the whole text. This doesnt limit the number of highlights you can make in the e-book itself, but it does limit  the amount of highlights you can view  on your highlights page online or export in the text file. 5. Export Kindle Highlights to MindMeister Mind Maps The more you read about your subject the harder it is  to remember all the different opinions, facts, pros and cons you want to include in your article. If you sit down and try to get started on the text  right away, youll have a hard time turning all the different bits and pieces of information into a coherent text thats both  logical and keeps the reader engaged. Thats why its so important not to jump head over heels into the writing process. Before you even open your Word document,  you need to get a good overview of all arguments, ideas and quotes group related pieces of information identify  connections, holes and possible contradictions in your arguments outline  a coherent structure A mind map is the ideal format for this workflow because it allows you to visualize all arguments  on a two-dimensional canvas, draw connections between them and freely move them around until youve created the perfect structure. There are a number of different tools you can use to extract your highlights, such as Bookcision (free; downloads all highlights from an e-book), Sumnotes (free; extracts highlights from PDF files), and  Clippings.io (€1.49 per month for the Chrome extension; import, organize and export all your highlights). These are all fantastic tools and you should definitely look into them if you want to organize  your entire highlight library and make it searchable. If your goal is to prepare a specific article and quickly get only a limited number of  highlights into a mind map, we find that the easiest method is this: Step 1: Copy your My Clippings.txt file onto your computer as outlined above. Step 2: Create a new MindMeister mind map and write the title of your blog post in the center. Step 3: Open the text file and copy-paste the highlights into the mind map, turning each individual highlight into a new topic (bubble).  Paste the source of the highlight into the Notes section of the topic. This way youll keep the canvas nice and clean, but youll still be able to come back and check each arguments source. Step 4: Add other sources to your mind map, such as YouTube videos or arguments from online articles. You can simply paste the URLs of online sources onto the topics to create clickable links. Step 5: Move topics around to group related ideas. Use numbered icons to indicate the order of arguments. When youre done, your mind map could look something like this: 6. Write  Your Article Now its time to convert  your visual outline  to a piece of high-value content blog post. There are two ways to do this. 1.  Keep the mind map open on the left side of your desktop and open a new text document next to it. This way youll be able to keep an eye on the map at all times while you write the article. 2. Right-click on the center topic in the map and select Tools Copy as Text from the menu. This will open a little dialog where you can copy all map contents and paste them into your text document, where you can then expand on each argument further. By taking advantage of your Kindle and the mind mapping technique  youll be able to efficiently  create high-value content for your blogâ€"without getting lost in the research. This approach will keep you organized, and lead you to well-thought-out articles that keep audiences engaged. Get started with mind mapping Sign up for MindMeister Its free! Sign up for MindMeister

Gloster Meteor - Gloster Meteor Jet

Gloster Meteor (Meteor F Mk 8): General Length: 44 ft., 7 in.Wingspan: 37 ft., 2 in.Height: 13 ft.Wing Area: 350 sq. ft.Empty Weight: 10,684 lbs.Loaded Weight: 15,700 lbs.Crew: 1Number Built: 3,947 Performance Power Plant:2 Ãâ€" Rolls-Royce Derwent 8 turbojets, 3,500 lbf eachRange: 600 milesMax Speed: 600 mphCeiling: 43,000 ft. Armament Guns: 4 Ãâ€" 20 mm Hispano-Suiza HS.404 cannonsRockets: up to sixteen 60 lb. 3 in. rockets under wings Gloster Meteor - Design Development: Design of the Gloster Meteor began in 1940 when Glosters chief designer, George Carter, began developing concepts for a twin-engine jet fighter. On February 7, 1941, the company received an order for twelve jet fighter prototypes under the Royal Air Forces Specification F9/40 (jet-powered interceptor). Moving forward, Gloster test flew its single-engine E.28/39 on May 15. This was the first flight by a British jet. Assessing the results from the E.38/39, Gloster decided to move forward with a twin-engine design. This was largely due to the low power of early jet engines. Building around this concept, Carters team created an all-metal, single-seat aircraft with a high tailplane to keep the horizontal tailplanes above the jet exhaust. Resting on a tricycle undercarriage, the design possessed conventional straight wings with the engines mounted in streamlined nacelles mid-wing. The cockpit was located forward with a framed glass canopy. For armament, the type possessed four 20 mm cannon mounted in the nose as well as the ability to carry sixteen 3-in. rockets. Initially named Thunderbolt, the name was changed to Meteor to prevent confusion with the Republic P-47 Thunderbolt. The first prototype to fly took off on March 5, 1943 and was powered by two De Havilland Halford H-1 (Goblin) engines. Prototype testing continued through the year as various engines were tried in the aircraft. Moving to production in early 1944, the Meteor F.1 was powered by twin Whittle W.2B/23C (Rolls-Royce Welland) engines. In the course of the development process, prototypes were also used by the Royal Navy to test carrier suitability as well as sent to the United States for assessment by the US Army Air Forces. In return, the USAAF sent an YP-49 Airacomet to the RAF for testing. Becoming Operational: The first batch of 20 Meteors were delivered to the RAF on June 1, 1944. Assigned to No. 616 Squadron, the aircraft replaced the squadrons M.VII Supermarine Spitfires. Moving through conversion training, No. 616 Squadron moved to RAF Manston and began flying sorties to counter the V-1 threat. Commencing operations on July 27, they downed 14 flying bombs while assigned to this task. That December, the squadron transitioned to the improved Meteor F.3 which had improved speed and better pilot visibility. Moved to the Continent in January 1945, the Meteor largely flew ground attack and reconnaissance missions. Though it never encountered its German counterpart, the Messerschmitt Me 262, Meteors were often mistaken for the enemy jet by Allied forces. As a result, Meteors were painted in an all-white configuration for ease of identification. Before the end of the war, the type destroyed 46 German aircraft, all on the ground. With the end of World War II, development of the Meteor continued. Becoming the RAFs primary fighter, the Meteor F.4 was introduced in 1946 and was powered by two Rolls-Royce Derwent 5 engines. Refining the Meteor: In addition to the chance in powerplant, the F.4 saw the airframe strengthened and the cockit pressurized. Produced in large numbers, the F.4 was widely exported. To support Meteor operations, a trainer variant, the T-7, entered service in 1949. In an effort to keep the Meteor on par with new fighters, Gloster continued to improve the design and introduced the definitive F.8 model in August 1949. Featuring Derwent 8 engines, the F.8s fuselage was lengthened and the tail structure redesigned. The variant, which also included a Martin Baker ejection seat, became the backbone of Fighter Command in the early 1950s. Korea: In the course of the Meteors evolution, Gloster also introduced night fighter and reconnaissance versions of the aircraft. The Meteor F.8 saw extensive combat service with Australian forces during the Korean War. Though inferior to the newer swept-wing MiG-15 and North American F-86 Sabre, the Meteor performed well in a ground support role. In the course of the conflict, the Meteor downed six MiGs and destroyed over 1,500 vehicles and 3,500 buildings for a loss of 30 aircraft. By the mid-1950s, the Meteor was phased out of British service with the arrival of the Supermarine Swift and Hawker Hunter. Other Users: Meteors continued to remain in the RAF inventory until the 1980s, but in secondary roles such as target tugs. During the course of its production run, 3,947 Meteors were built with many being exported. Other users of the aircraft included Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Israel, Egypt, Brazil, Argentina, and Ecuador. During the 1956 Suez Crisis, Israeli Meteors downed two Egyptian De Havilland Vampires. Meteors of various types remained in frontline service with some air forces as late as the 1970s and 1980s. Selected Sources Military Factory: Gloster MeteorHistory of War: Gloster MeteorRAF Museum: Gloster Meteor

Target Corporations Supply Chain Management - 1456 Words

Target Corporation Supply Chain Assignment Target’s Supply Chain Unit 2 Assignment GB570 Managing the Value Chain Dr. Rita Gunzelman Kaplan University December 12, 2011 Target’s Supply Chain The purpose of this paper is to show evidence of cohesive knowledge of the supply chain and how it works by the exploration of Target Corporation’s supply chain. Target, one of the nations largest retail chains, first opened in 1962 in Minnesota as key leadership were looking for new ways to move from a family-run (The Dayton Family) department store to a mass market national chain strengthening customer relationships by appealing to value-oriented shoppers in quest of a higher-quality experience. Today, Target operates approximately 1750†¦show more content†¦As a result, Target will keep goods moving on the cheapest forms of transportation whether via all-water, railroad, or transload methods for as long as possible to minimize exposure to high-fuel expenses (Target, 2011; Tirschwell, 2008). Inventory Management Target has developed and caters to the needs of each individual store through their sophisticated technology and Online IT systems. In-stock improvements are supported for efficiency, speed, and profitability with excellent tracking and communication systems (Target, 2011). Processing Target focuses on continued improvements of their customer’s product life-cycle starting at set-up to the delivery of the product by managing process improvements, organizational support, consistent measurement, and technology updates. This global focus helps the Distribution Centers maintain the grounds, equipment and systems, and buildings as well as as providing the leadership and facility operations processes it requires. Transportation To ensure Target meets the needs of their guests effectively and cost efficiently, they manage their overall supply chain to provide the fastest and shortest routes and create a team that has a direct and vital connection between internal purchasing, distribution centers andShow MoreRelatedTarget Chain Of Target Supply Chain1124 Words   |  5 PagesTarget’s Supply Chain This papers purpose is to give an example of the benefits and how the supply chain works by taking a look at the Target Corporation’s supply chain. Target is one of the largest retail chains in the US; they first opened in 1962 in the state of Minnesota. It started out as a family- run (The Dayton Family) department store. After company growth the family started looking for ways to expand. 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“Don’t worry, it’s a 20 minute drive!” †Creative Writing Free Essays

It’s 8. 40 and we’ve just got off the plane. It was the longest flight of our lives. We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Don’t worry, it’s a 20 minute drive!† – Creative Writing or any similar topic only for you Order Now With a three hour delay while we were stuck on the plane and then the luggage getting lost. My suitcase managed to get on a flight to Miami and my mums’ to Barcelona! Sometimes I wonder, do the suitcases just sprout legs and go someplace they’ve never been before? We were tired and hungry. We had been awake for almost 20 hours at a stretch and were desperate to flop on to a soft bed and sleep! As we hurriedly looked around for a taxi to get us to our hotel, a tall, tanned lady walked up to my dad and asked him if he wanted to rent a car. Typically, my dad thought it was a good idea. You may not know this, but my family and I, have all experienced my dad’s driving in a foreign city, and believe me it is no where close to good. So, amidst out cries of protest, my adamant dad marched up to the rent-a-car counter and asked for a people carrier. After standing around for another half hour, the lady showed us to a lift and told us our car would be waiting downstairs. We found that we had a bright green people carrier to drive around New York for the week that we were there. After moaning and groaning we all got in the car, and my dad ad started driving to the exit of the parking lot when he suddenly braked and started reversing back to the lift where the lady was still standing and waving. He had forgotten to ask for directions. He sat back in his seat mumbling about â€Å"turn right at the light, then take a U turn and head back east on the thru way. At exit 443 take a right and follow signs to the†¦ or was it turn right then left and then take a U turn? † My mum was already furious with my dad for agreeing to the idea of the car. Tight lipped, in her â€Å"this is so annoying† voice she asked my dad if he was sure of where he was going. Obviously no man likes to dmit he’s not sure so in his very false voice he assured my mum that he was positive about where we were going and that the lady had told him its only a â€Å"20 minute drive† and â€Å"not to worry†. The lady couldn’t have been more wrong. She obviously misjudged my dad and may have over-estimated him when she saw his international driving license. â€Å"Wroom, Wrooom†, the vehicle, startedas though we were about to begin a race. It was warmed up and all set to embark on the race against time. Our course was unknown and we had one of the slowest drivers of all time. Taking it at 5Km an hour, we took 20 minutes alone to get ut of the three-storey parking lot. How long was it going to take us to get to the hotel? When we eventually got on the road, my younger brother said he needed the toilet. As usual my mum taking charge asked my brother to wait 20 minutes while we got to the hotel, while giving my dad a very wary look. I think, having a mothers instinct she knew that stopping anywhere would just prolong this dreaded journey and we would all end up traipsing to bathroom and making an even bigger mess of ourselves. Luckily, my dad made a good guess and we turned on to the right road. It was usually my brother managed to get s to our planned destination, because my dad’s sense of direction is as good as any bird that flies into a window. Tired of directing my dad during previous escapades like this, my brother had flat out refused to do any sort of map reading. After much driving on a straight, dimly lit road there was finally a lonesome turning to the right, which my dad decided to take. Obviously, our good luck had to run out at some point, and this was the time. We were on a nameless bridge which we later found out was the Brooklyn Bridge. It was now when my mother began panicking. We had been driving for 25 minutes already and there was still no ign of getting to Manhattan Island. While my mum was muttering to herself about how we wouldn’t make it to the hotel in time and that they would cancel our booking, my dad just said that being on the bridge gave us a view of the beautiful city of New York at night. All we had left now was to â€Å"follow the signs and arrows. † The average person might ask, how difficult could it be to follow signs? Obviously, this hadn’t had the experience of a lifetime: A car journey with my dad. So, driving along the Brooklyn Bridge, my brothers and I were taking my dads advice and were enjoying the view, when we made a very unexpected stop. We had just come to a tollbooth. Now, having arrived a mere hour ago we hadn’t had the chance to acquire any spare change, so my dad had to reach into his secret money belt which was tucked under his shirt, and he pulled out 50 dollars. The man taking our money gave my dad a very shocked look as he gave back 48 dollars and 50 cents. Luckily, my dad had thought that it was a good idea to ask the man how to get to Manhattan Island. He told us to take the second exit on the left and then follow the signs. We did just that. Or we thought we did. I think it was because we weren’t accustomed to the American accent; either that or the guy was trying to lead us into Harlem on purpose. Harlem is supposedly the most dangerous neighborhood in New York. At hearing the news, my mum became really hysterical; she kept yelling useless opinions like: â€Å"I told you not to get the car! Now were all going to get shot! Why do you have to put all our lives at stake? † My dad just raised his eyebrows and carried on driving. My brother was complaining that he was really desperate for the bathroom, and that just got my mum started again with things like: â€Å"Look at what you’ve done! We can’t even stop any where because we’re in HARLEM nd his bladders going to burst, and†¦. and†¦. † At this point I just blocked my mum out. Before we knew it, thanks to the well-lit signboard pointing us out of Harlem we were back on the Brooklyn Bridge. My mum calmed down, but only very slightly. Anything was appreciated at this time, because it was nearly 11. 30 a nd my brothers and I were dying with tiredness. My dad just kept driving. He was wide-awake. How? I don’t know, but I had a fealing it may have had something to do with the 3 cups of coffee he had on the plane. Shockingly, we ended up at another tollbooth and asked directions. Again. After about 10 minutes of nodding, ointing and looking at the map, we were finally on our way. It was like Christmas come early when we reached a turn off. We were finally getting of the bridge! Suddenly, all our sleepiness left us. We were back to a wide-awake state and were all excited to finally be going somewhere. What seemed like 10 minutes later, we were getting out of the dreaded people carrier and were walking in to the hotel. The first thing my brother did was make a beeline for the bathroom. It seems amazing, that how ever many bad experiences we have with driving cars in foreign, and sometimes in not so foreign countries my dad never gives up. How to cite â€Å"Don’t worry, it’s a 20 minute drive!† – Creative Writing, Papers

Effective Security Policies of an Organization-Sample for Students

Question: Discuss about the Development of Effective Security Policies of an Organization. Answer: Introduction The development of effective security policies is very important to any organization. Different types of information are stored in different information systems, and their relevance and value are depended on the security of the information. Therefore is important that organizations develop effective security policies aided to protect the information as well as the individuals interacting with the information. An information technology security policy is, therefore, a well-written strategy that identifies the rules and procedures for accessing, protecting and maintaining an organizations network, information technology assets as well as resources (Siponen et al. 2014, p. 12). It is a company document that states the company plans aimed at protecting the company physical assets as well as the information technology assets. This report seeks to help us understand security policies and their purpose as well as the methodologies and processes used by an organization in developing the poli cy guideline. A special focus will be laid to the chosen acceptable use policy as our case security policy. Literature review Many corporate organizations, businesses or educational institution have embraced the adoption and use of security policies in governing the access and usage of certain information. The development of the Acceptable Use Policy has helped many organizations in stipulating the constraints and user practices that they must agree to before accessing or getting access to a certain corporate network or the internet (Herath et al. 2014, p. 67). According to information technology, a security policy in the most case establishes what must be done by a user, an administrator of a website, the owner or the creator of the website or internet to protect information stored in their computer database (Safa et al. 2016, p. 45). The security policies are continuously upgraded or updated due to changes resulting from employee or technology requirements. The security policies are designed to ensure that information in an organization, business or any institution website is confidential, valuable and av ailable in time of need without any compromise or modification which distorts the information. For information system to be termed as secure, then it must meet its objectives of confidentiality, integrity, and availability which are termed as the characteristic elements of a secure system. Security policies, therefore, ensure that confidentiality is achieved by allowing access to information to only authorized persons or by ensuring that valuable information is only kept in the hands of the intended persons (D'Arcy et al. 2014, p. 23). Its objective of integrity requires that the system should maintain the value as well as the state of the information by protecting it from modification while availability objective requires that the information and security should always be available when they are needed. The Acceptable use policy is, therefore, a security policy mostly used in many educational facilities and in most corporate and business facilities which require that employees and students must sign up an acceptable or legal use policy before being granted a network ID. In this case, an Acceptable Use Policy is normally presented to the user when he signs up with an Internet Service provider (ISP). The policy gives or provides certain guidelines which the user must agree to and in most case guide or restrict the user from using the service as part of violating any law or attempting to break the security system of any computer network (Sommestad et al. 2014). It also regulates or restricts the posting of commercial messages to unauthorized groups as well as an attempt to send junk emails or spam to anyone. The security policy is therefore used to establish what must be done by corporate business and educational institutions to the information stored on their computers as well as busi ness websites. The policy is also used to protect individuals or people working or having access to the information since anyone who makes decisions or takes action in any situation where the information is at risk is equally at risk (Peltier, 2016). And therefore the security policy allows people to take necessary actions without fear of reprisal and also compels the safeguarding of information by eliminating or reducing personal liability for employees or users of the information. Regardless of the network used as to whether the organizations, institutions or businesses use the Local Area Network (LAN) or even the Wide Area Network (WAN), it is important that they develop effective security policies. Therefore, the Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) forms an integral part of the framework of security policies. Methodology To develop an effective security policy and in this case, an acceptable use policy, certain guidelines, and steps are to be developed by the organization, company, business or an educational institution. Such procedures include those of risk assessment, password policies guidelines, organizational, administrative response, the user responsibilities, the e-mail guidelines and policies, the internet guidelines, disaster recovery as well intrusion detection policies. Therefore the first step to developing an acceptable use policy is to conduct a risk assessment with the organization, company, business or education institution which faces information risk and is in need of security policies. Risk assessment is usually an ongoing process of discovery or potential security risk, correcting them and preventing future problems (Neisse et al. 2014, p. 123). It is also an essential part of sound security practices and forms an important part of compliance with security standards. Risk assessment helps the organization or business to determine the level acceptable level of the risks as well the resulting security requirements for each identified risk, and it involves system risk documentation, determination, and safeguarding. The second guideline provided in the development of the acceptable use policy is the development of password or designing the organizational password policy. Passwords have been found to be very important aspects of computer information security whereby a poorly chosen password may result in unauthorized access or exploitation of the company resources (Neisse et al. 2014). Organization needs develop effective password policy to govern the authorization of access to company or organizational information. Such password policies include the regulating of sharing of the password which requires that for information technology security passwords should not be shared and should always be treated as sensitive and confidential and therefore should not be shared through websites or any link which may pose a risk to the information or data related to the company or organization. The administrative response is also very important in developing an effective security policy, it is, therefore, important for the information technology experts involved in designing and development of the security policies to inform the administrative personnel of the organization. They will then help in providing measures or developing the action and against the users going against or caught violating the security policies. Their response ensures that the policy is agreed upon by the management and administrative departments of the system. They also give more recommendations on what should be done to enhance data or information security with their organization from their experience. The other important step to the development of effective security policy is helping to make the users understand their responsibilities when using the information system. This is important because most networks today are faced with conflicting goals of availability, security, and scalability (Webb et al. 2014, p. 90). In this case, most users are only concerned with the availability of the information, and they need, or concern is to use the tools to undertake certain tasks. In most cases, most users tend to defeat the information security procedures or guidelines when they perceive them as been an interference or obstacle to their workflow (Ulusoy et al. 2015, p. 453). It is therefore important for the organization or businesses to build user awareness programs to issues relating to information security by clearly defining their security objectives to the users, by identifying their user groups for effective security control as well as presenting their security policies to the users . Since most organizations use emails to perform most of their communication, it is important also to develop email and internet policies governing the same. This is because most of the information may be sent as spam or may be modified to distort the intended message. Such policies govern the domains of the company emails and can even give a specification of the size or content of the message or email. Such ensures that business emails are not used for personal purposes, but their use is only limited and restricted to official office use only. In such case, if anyone caught defeating such policies then appropriate administrative measures can be adopted (Arpaci et al. 2015). Internet policies relating to the computing facilities should also be developed to control the information risk in either a general network security, network security or server security. Lastly, its the development of disaster or data recovery systems including back up files as well as system restore and also security mechanisms for intrusion detection. The backup and restore networks are very important to the continuity of a business and therefore their environments must be secured. As much as the backing up of data is necessary it is not always sufficient as long their backup environment is not secured (Ahmad et al. 2014). Organizations and businesses, therefore, must ensure their computing facilities are equipped or installed with backup and restore networks which are secured by implementing appropriate technologies in the backup storage devices as well as implement an appliance that can encrypt data at some point in the storage network. Such steps and guidelines will lead to the development of effective, acceptable use security policy that can be helpful to many organizations, businesses as well as educational institutions. Conclusion From the findings above related to the development of acceptable use security policy for organizations, business, or education facilities it is recommended that the organization should first create user awareness through education on the importance of information security. It will provide them with the knowledge as some of the users of such information do not know the importance of the security measures imposed and whether they are any legal actions if anyone found violating or experiences a risk related to the certain information. Since most employees in business access the internets and business websites to perform their given tasks, the organizations should try to change the attitude of the users towards the realization of their role in company security (DeHaan et al. 2015). It is equally important that the employees understand that the business needs them as they need it to and therefore issues of security should be a collective initiative of both parties. The risk to information has also been encountered due to lack of effective monitoring and evaluation. It is therefore recommended that the website operators and managers should always try to ask for feedback from the users about their experience when using certain websites or internet sources and monitor their progress as they continue to use them. Some end up performing task-irrelevant and others which cannot be supported by certain systems and hence may lead to crackdown or loss of important data. In the case where the companies have some sensitive information which cannot be relayed to the public than the organizations are recommended to develop different websites for different users to limit access to sensitive data (Muthalagu 2016). It is also recommended that the companies develop information security website where users can start familiarizing themselves with the internet security issues which should be clear to understand as well as easy for the users to browse and navigate. In conclusion, security policies are therefore important for any organization dealing with internet resources and assets. The security of internet information is the responsibility of the administrators, owners or creators or websites as well as the users of the internet resources. For the systems to be secured the most important policy to be adopted is, therefore, the acceptable use security policy as it guides and regulates the initial access to the internet. It's effective development and implementation will play a very important role in the overall security of other internet related risks. List of References Ahmad, A., Maynard, S.B. and Park, S., 2014. Information security strategies: towards an organizational multi-strategy perspective. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 25(2), pp.357-370. Arpaci, I., Kilicer, K. and Bardakci, S., 2015. Effects of security and privacy concerns on educational use of cloud services.Computers in Human Behavior, 45, pp. 93-98. D'Arcy, J., Herath, T. and Shoss, M.K., 2014. Understanding employee responses to stressful information security requirements: a coping perspective. Journal of Management Information Systems, 31(2), pp.285-318. DeHaan, M.P., Likins, A.K. and Vidal, S.K., Red Hat, Inc., 2015.Discovery of network software relationships.U.S. Patent 8,990,368. Herath, T., Chen, R., Wang, J., Banjara, K., Wilbur, J. and Rao, H.R., 2014. Security services as coping mechanisms: an investigation into user intention to adopt an email authentication service. Information systems journal, 24(1), pp.61-84. Hsu, J.S.C., Shih, S.P., Hung, Y.W. and Lowry, P.B., 2015. The role of extra-role behaviors and social controls in information security policy effectiveness. Information Systems Research, 26(2), pp.282-300. Muthalagu, I., 2016. PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) System Administrator Process for Document Management System (DMS) in Energy Devices Domain. Neisse, R., Steri, G. and Baldini, G., 2014, October. Enforcement of security policy rules for the internet of things. In Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), 2014 IEEE 10th International Conference on (pp. 165-172). IEEE. Peltier, T.R., 2016. Information Security Policies, Procedures, and Standards: guidelines for effective information security management. CRC Press. Safa, N.S., Von Solms, R. and Furnell, S., 2016.Information security policy compliance model in organizations. Computers security, 56, pp.70-82. Siponen, M., Mahmood, M.A. and Pahnila, S., 2014. Employees adherence to information security policies: An exploratory field study. Information management, 51(2), pp.217-224. Sommestad, T., Hallberg, J., Lundholm, K. and Bengtsson, J., 2014. Variables influencing information security policy compliance: a systematic review of quantitative studies. Information Management Computer Security, 22(1), pp.42-75. Ulusoy, H., Colombo, P., Ferrari, E., Kantarcioglu, M. and Pattuk, E., 2015, April.GuardMR: fine-grained security policy enforcement for MapReduce systems. In Proceedings of the 10th ACM Symposium on Information, Computer and Communications Security (pp. 285-296).ACM. Webb, J., Ahmad, A., Maynard, S.B. and Shanks, G., 2014. A situation awareness model for information security risk management.Computers security, 44, pp.1-15.

The Scorpions free essay sample

Rock n roll has always been an integral part of the Great Woods Summer Series, and it was there this year too when a triple bill of the Scorpions, Great White, and Aldo Nova fed their audience with a large helping of loud and raunchy blues-rock and heavy metal on July 24th. Opening act Aldo Nova was, well, just an opening act. The band performed like your average formula-rock band. The songs were standard MTV fare, even if some were co-written by Bon Jovi, especially the inane Blood on the Bricks. Even after nearly a decade, Aldo Nova has gone nowhere, and maybe in the future they will break away from the mold and form their own identity. The middle slot of the evening was held by the blues-rockers of Great White. Lead singer Jack Russell is a skilled vocalist, and he played the crowd well, keeping them awake and on their feet throughout their set. We will write a custom essay sample on The Scorpions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The guitarists served up a feast of riffs and solos, amidst a thunderous rhythm section of drums and bass. Opening with Call it Rock n Roll, Great White proceeded through new cuts from their recent LP Hooked, and of course, it was the encore of Once Bitten, Twice Shy that the crowd enjoyed the most, especially with the spicy piano playing. Their sound mix was clean and smooth, and Russells wailing vocals came out perfectly. After their set, the members of Great White gathered backstage to meet-and-greet with members of the press. All were thrilled to oblige with the requests of the backstage crowd, taking pictures, answering questions, and signing autographs. One of the most popular hard rock bands in the world, the Scorpions were the main event of the evening. Opening with Tease Me, Please Me, the quintet got the audience back on their feet, rockin the night away. Decked out in leather, lead singer Klaus Meine howled like an animal, while guitar duo Rudolph Shenker and Matthias Jabs produced the unique Scorps rock sound. Their songs werent anything special , simple shout-along tunes with catchy hooks , but it was the way they delivered it. This was maximum impact, go-for-the-throat rock An roll, and the Scorpions didnt hesitate to let loose onstage. Highlights of the Scorpions set included The Zoo, during which the band produced various animal sounds, the thousands of lighters during Wind of Change, the blinding lit staircases onstage and the sing-along acoustic ballad Holiday. However, classics were saved for their encore, during which Klaus and crew pumped out the hits Big City Nights, No One Like You, Still Loving You, and Rock You Like a Hurricane. There is no one like the Scorpions, and after two decades in the music business, they are still loving it. On July 24th, the Scorpions rocked Great Woods like a hurricane, and proved they can do it all over again. n

Common Redundancies in the English Language

Common Redundancies in the English Language One way to cut the clutter in our writing is to eliminate repetitious expressions. Because we so often see and hear redundancies (such as free gifts and foreign imports), they can be easy to overlook. Therefore, when editing our work, we should be on the lookout for needless repetition and be ready to eliminate expressions that add nothing to whats been said. Now does this mean that repetition must be avoided at all costs, or that good writers never repeat themselves? Certainly not. Careful repetition of key words and sentence structures can help establish clear connections in our writing. In effective rhetorical strategies of repetition, we consider how writers may rely on repetition to emphasize or clarify a central idea. Our concern here is with eliminating needless repetition - redundant expressions that make writing longer, not better. Following are some of the common redundancies in English. In specific contexts, some of these phrases may serve a purpose. More often, however, the phrases weigh down our writing with unnecessary words. We can eliminate the needless repetition in each case by omitting the word or phrase in parentheses. A (absolutely) essential(absolutely) necessary(actual) factsadvance (forward)(advance) planning(advance) preview(advance) reservations(advance) warningadd (an additional)add (up)(added) bonus(affirmative) yes(aid and) abet(all-time) recordalternative (choice)A.M. (in the morning)(and) etc.(anonymous) stranger(annual) anniversary(armed) gunman(artificial) prosthesisascend (up)ask (the question)assemble (together)attach (together)ATM (machine)autobiography (of his or her own life) B bald(-headed)balsa (wood)(basic) fundamentals(basic) necessitiesbest (ever)biography (of hisor herlife)blend (together)(boat) marinabouquet (of flowers)brief (in duration)(brief) moment(brief) summary(burning) embers C cacophony (of sound)cameo (appearance)cancel (out)(careful) scrutinycash (money)cease (and desist)circle (around)circulate (around)classify (into groups)(close) proximity(closed) fistcollaborate (together)combine (together)commute (back and forth)compete (with each other)(completely) annihilate(completely) destroyed(completely) eliminate(completely) engulfed(completely) filled(completely) surround(component) partsconfer (together)connect (together)connect (up)confused (state)consensus (of opinion)(constantly) maintainedcooperate (together)could (possibly)crisis (situation)curative (process)(current) incumbent(current) trend D depreciate (in value)descend (down)(desirable) benefits(different) kindsdisappear (from sight)drop (down)during (the course of)dwindle (down) E each (and every)earlier (in time)eliminate (altogether)emergency (situation)(empty) holeempty (out)(empty) spaceenclosed (herein)(end) resultenter (in)(entirely) eliminateequal (to one another)eradicate (completely)estimated at (about)evolve (over time)(exact) same(exposed) openingextradite (back) F (face) maskfall (down)(favorable) approval(fellow) classmates(fellow) colleaguefew (in number)filled (to capacity)(final) conclusion(final) end(final) outcome(final) ultimatum(first and) foremost(first) conceivedfirst (of all)fly (through the air)follow (after)(foreign) imports(former) graduate(former) veteran(free) gift(from) whence(frozen) ice(frozen) tundrafull (to capacity)(full) satisfactionfuse (together)(future) plans(future) recurrence G gather (together)(general) publicGOP (party)GRE (exam)green [or blue or whatever] (in color)grow (in size) H had done (previously)(harmful) injuries(head) honchoheat (up)HIV (virus)hoist (up)(hollow) tubehurry (up) I (illustrated) drawingincredible (to believe)indicted (on a charge)input (into)integrate (together)integrate (with each other)interdependent (on each other)introduced (a new)introduced (for the first time)(ir)regardlessISBN (number) J join (together)(joint) collaboration K kneel (down)(knowledgeable) experts L lag (behind)later (time)LCD (display)lift (up)(little) baby(live) studio audience(live) witness(local) residentslook (ahead) to the futurelook back (in retrospect) M made (out) of(major) breakthrough(major) featmanually (by hand)may (possibly)meet (together)meet (with each other)(mental) telepathymerge (together)might (possibly)minestrone (soup)mix (together)modern ______ (of today)(mutual) cooperation(mutually) interdependentmutual respect (for each other)(number-one) leader in ________ N nape (of her neck)(native) habitat(natural) instinctnever (before)(new) beginning(new) construction(new) innovation(new) invention(new) recruitnone (at all)nostalgia (for the past)(now) pending O off (of)(old) adage(old) cliche(old) custom(old) proverb(open) trenchopen (up)(oral) conversation(originally) createdoutput (out of)(outside) in the yardoutside (of)(over) exaggerateover (with)(overused) cliche P (pair of) twinspalm (of the hand)(passing) fad(past) experience(past) history(past) memories(past) recordspenetrate (into)period (of time)(personal) friend(personal) opinionpick (and choose)PIN (number)pizza (pie)plan (ahead)plan (in advance)(Please) RSVPplunge (down)(polar) opposites(positive) identificationpostpone (until later)pouring (down) rain(pre)board (as an airplane)(pre)heat(pre)record(private) industry(present) incumbentpresent (time)previously listed (above)proceed (ahead)(proposed) planprotest (against)pursue (after) R raise (up)RAM (memory)reason is (because)reason (why)recur (again)re-elect (for another term)refer (back)reflect (back)(regular) routinerepeat (again)reply (back)retreat (back)revert (back)rise (up)round (in shape) S (safe) haven(safe) sanctuarysame (exact)(sand) dunescrutinize (in detail)self-______ (yourself)separated (apart from each other)(serious) dangershare (together)(sharp) pointshiny (in appearance)shut (down)(single) unitskipped (over)slow (speed)small (size)(small) specksoft (in texture) [or (to the touch)]sole (of the foot)spell out (in detail)spliced (together)start (off) or (out)(still) persists(still) remains(sudden) impulse(sum) totalsurrounded (on all sides) T tall (in height)tall (in stature)(temper) tantrumten (in number)three a.m. (in the morning)(three-way) love triangletime (period)(tiny) bit(total) destruction(true) facts(truly) sinceretuna (fish)(twelve) noon or midnight(two equal) halves U (ultimate) goalundergraduate (student)(underground) subway(unexpected) emergency(unexpected) surprise(unintentional) mistake(universal) panacea(unnamed) anonymousUPC (code)(usual) custom V vacillate (back and forth)(veiled) ambush(very) pregnant(very) uniquevisible (to the eye) W (wall) muralwarn (in advance)weather (conditions)weather (situation)whether (or not)(white) snowwrite (down)

Discuss the impact of social media on traditional media in relation to Essay

Discuss the impact of social media on traditional media in relation to news production,delivery and consumption - Essay Example This role as well as the role of gatekeeper to information is being redefined in the light of social media usage patterns. This paper discusses how social media has influenced the way in which users consume and experience news as well as the ways in which traditional media organizations produce and distribute news content. The discussion in this paper highlights the challenges posed by social media to the authority of traditional media. It also identifies the opportunities for collaboration between the two. Social Media and User Engagement Crowe (2012) describes five types of user involvement in citizen journalism, with varying degrees of involvement and objective reporting. Blogs, discussion boards, tweets, etc. have become common tools to share news items within social networks. These tools allow users to create editorial content for others. Crowe (2012) argues that citizen journalism has had considerable effects of the traditional media in terms of profitability. He explains that although the content produced by citizen journalists does not go through the rigorous vetting of traditional media channels, the sites encouraging such form of journalism collect information from a large number of similar sources which results in validation of the information. This is particularly true in emergency situations when reporters may not arrive for some hours. Crowe (2012) notes that these developments have inspired traditional media organizations to collaborate with social media platforms for delivery of news content. Organizations entering into such collaborations include Newsweek and AOL. Changes in News Production The way in which news is produced on social media is dramatically different from the traditional methods of news production. Kerrigan and Graham (2010) note that the Internet and Web 2.0 technologies are having a huge impact on the production and consumption of regional and local news. In the social media environment, news is increasingly produced by blogger s and citizen journalists in a way that encourages the consumers to participate in the news generation process. On the other hand, in the traditional media, the production function is performed by the journalist and the news is then offered to the consumers as information. Kerrigan and Graham (2010) note that it is a competitive disadvantage for traditional regional news media if they do not exploit the potential for engaging readers in the production of local and regional news. Traditional media have been affected by reduced entry barriers and advertising share to more engaging social media sources. News consumers can act as reporters and editors of news content in the new media which leads them to prefer new media news sources over traditional ones. Thus, there is a need for traditional media sources to overcome resistance to change and embrace the new social media environment. The advent of social media has had considerable impact on the credibility and power of traditional news media sources. O’Connor (2012) notes that the role of traditional media as gatekeeper of information has been considerably weakened. In addition, the perception of a news media organization as a brand has eroded to some extent in favour of the personal branding enjoyed by citizen journalists, bloggers and others in the social media. O’

Leadership Characteristics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leadership Characteristics - Research Paper Example â€Å"Student leaders who possess high self concept often strive for self-development† (Ahmad, Ghazali, and Hassan, 2011, p. 24). Trustworthiness of a leader plays an integral role in his/her success in the contemporary age of competition (Caldwell, Hayes, and Long, 2010, p. 497). Hence, both self-confidence and trustworthiness of an individual are equally important in making him/her effective as a leader. A leader has several motives. Drive means a leader’s motivation to achieve the goal. Tenacity means the leader’s strength or cohesiveness with the followers. Resilience means the power of a leader to take pressure and yet deliver the work. I believe that there are both positive and negative motives for leadership. â€Å"[Positive Leadership] motives that have received most attention are those of power, affiliation and achievement† (Marti, Gil, and Barrasa, 2009, p. 268). The negative motives for leadership include aggression, and authoritarian style. For example, tenacity helps a leader overcome obstacles. â€Å"[A]long with basic leadership essentials such as honesty and integrity, tenaciously seeking the truth is one of the most important characteristics a leader can have† (Harms, 2006, p. 49). Likewise, resilience helps a leader make informed decisions in the times of extreme pressure. Once, I was made the leader of a project in school. I had four members in my group excluding me. We had to make a group presentation. As the leader, factors that were within my control were roles of individual group members that I could assign as per my wish, the schedule for making the presentation, and the professional standards to be followed in the presentation. Factors that were beyond my control in that group project included occasional dissatisfaction of the group members with their roles, grudges between the group members leading them to interpersonal conflicts, and limitation of the resources for the project since we had to complete it within

Main Market Segments In Egyptian Market

Main Market Segments In Egyptian Market Introduction Paul founded 120 years ago and is a market leader in France with more than 360 local branches and has spread over 20 countries worldwide. Its a private sector company operated under HOLDER group which its 3 businesses are bread-making, pastry and restaurants. Pauls well known across its borders, and Egypt is one of its targeted countries as its further developing, nowadays. Through our frequent visits to various spots in different cities in Egypt, we noticed how life style is developing encouragingly; we had to be certain about how liable our projected sales would be in this market. Accordingly we had assigned a marketing research to an international marketing research company TNS Global which had been for decades present in Egypt. By this we could ensure more accurate estimated results with first-rate standards. TNS Global has provided us with the primary data through statistical research. We agreed upon that to follow the marketing research through the following steps. a) Defining Problem and research objective. Our main goal is to ensure the feasibility of entering the Egyptian market, and thorough which means. b) Developing the research plan. We needed to focus on adults and students as a primary target, athletes and healthy people as secondary target children and seniors as tertiary target, without neglecting business targets as well. The research needed to cover the following information: The demographic, economic and lifestyle characteristic of these segments. Main market segments in Egyptian market Perceived price for our products by Egyptian consumer Suitable market entry Preferable sales approach Acceptance of the Egyptians for French products -Egyptian consumer behavior and buying rhythm Suitable product features (size-packaging-colors-labeling) Competitors (local-international) Legal and social environment in Egypt Raw materials-labor cost and other production cost if we consider producing locally Investment rules in Egypt online commercial databases, we emphasize the primary data through our research to guarantee its validity and objective conformity. Our primary data collection will use survey research approach c) Sampling plan. Random sample questionnaire is used to ask people, on our product and on the idea itself and how they react to it and how much acceptable for them it would be and such open-ended questions. To put hands on required information for research objective. d) Implementing the research plan. TNS Global had feed us with implantation that includes collecting, processing, analyzing the information. e) Interpreting and reporting the findings. Conclusions were sent to us in a vivid form that assured our idea about the viability and investment of our product in the Egyptian market. Part B Executive summary Paul is preparing to launch one of its branches in Egypt, which is one of the big developing markets. Through direct investment to insure our control over the Egyptian market. Despite the presence of bakeries other competitors, we can compete because our offering combines both high distinctive quality and suitable market price. We are targeting special segments in the consumers level, taking advantage of high quality baked goods, and distinctive foods and desserts. The primary marketing objective of this research is to obtain first year Egyptian market share of 20 %. This primary financial objective is to achieve first year sales revenue of 20 million EGP, while keeping losses to less than 6 million EGP. Current Market Situation Paul founded 120 years ago and is a market leader in France with more than 360 local branches and have spread over 20 countries worldwide , and is about to enter the Egyptian market directly . The demand of the Egyptians to cafes with baked goods is increasing rapidly which lead to increase in competitive pressure. Thus dependence on high quality and a little over price according to other competitors will be obligatory to reach market share in this environment. Paul must carefully target specific market segments. Market Description Paul market consists of consumers of all ages from young children up to seniors which could be athletic , healthy or food admiring , who needs a quick pick and go or a short break in regular daily basis . In the first year we will focus on specific segments. Table A1 illustrates how Paul covers the needs of targeted consumers Product Review Paul offers various high quality standard products indoor where customers can have ability to connect via the Internet while enjoying leisure or meeting or takeaway: 7 Plates specially for breakfast 6 Varieties of plates for a quick lunch 24 Different sandwiches with the variety of 7 different breads 10 Types of pies pizzas 15 Salads 8 Grand classic bread 10 Pleasure bread 8 Light and healthy bread 4 Special meals for athletic and Healthy people 11 Different types of cakes and desserts 5 Type of ice creams 9 Viennoiseries and sweet pastries 6 Options of Crepe 36 Fresh juice , Hot and cold drinks 7 Take away boxes of 12 mini special desserts of ones choice Table A1: Target Segments Customer Need Corresponding Benefit Children Sweets Desserts Macaroons Cakes Tarts Ice creams Students Quick pick and go before classes Small snacks on way back home or between courses Sandwiches Viennoiseries Hot and cold drinks Salads Adults A little gathering between shopping, work or hangouts A quick drink on busy days Breakfast or lunch plates Fresh juice or other drinks Crepe Pies and pizzas Seniors Buy goods for home or family One of the 22 Bread A box of mini desserts Athletic and Healthy Healthy low fat food Food to fit in their daily diet A grab before or after workout One of 8 types of the healthy breads with minerals and vitamins The unique collection of the healthy sandwiches One of the meals for athletic people depending on their activity and their daily need First year sales profits are expected to be 20 million EGP based on sales of Pauls baked goods. During the second year we prepare to introduce Pauls restaurant which will provide the following: Soups Side dishes Side sauce Big main dishes for Breakfast , Lunch Dinner More menu variety from each category of the previous provided products Competitive Review Increased entry of cafes and bakeries has pressured competitors to continuously let prices down and add more products every day. Competitors include: Starbucks Costa coffee On the run The bakery Starbucks: Is an international coffee shop from 30 years ago, offering hot and cold drinks, some desserts and very few sandwiches. Costa cafà ©: is a 28 years old coffee shop which is internationally recognized, that offers few sandwiches, salads and desserts. But recently is facing financial struggles due to the increase of competitors and being not able to provide a bigger variety of products. On the run : is the biggest competitor as its widely branded through almost 9000 stores worldwide , and one of the leading stores locally .It sells desserts , sandwiches, hot and cold drinks , salads , very few pizza. The bakery : is one of the several shops which is considered to be a cafà © and a bakery that sells some bread , sandwiches , few desserts , hot and cold drinks Despite this strong competition, Paul can make out a distinct image and win recognition between these competitors and targeted segments. Our Unique way of baking bread is definite and doesnt exist anywhere else , adding Pauls large variety of products which have French background makes it unique in the local market , and never disregard 120 years experience. Distribution review Pauls products will be sold through Pauls stores and also through other stores in top 20 Egyptian markets. Among the most important partners that will help us distribute that already has been contacted are: Super Markets. Metro market Alfa market. Will allow Paul to present its product in their store. Local bakeries. The baker, Bread basket. Will buy from Paul its unique bread variety to offer in their store. School and University. American University Cairo , German School Cairo , British International School Cairo, German University Cairo French University Egypt , Le Collà ¨ge de la Mere de Dieu . Have agreed to deliver most of our sandwiches, desserts and beverages in their Cafeteria. Fitness centers and sport clubs. World gym, Golds gym and Platinum gym, will sell our healthy sandwiches and athletics meals. SWOT Analysis Strength Variety. Our customer has a wide range of varieties through which they can explore and try and not getting used to only one product. Price. Our products are in an affordable competing price according to the provided quality. Quality. Paul signed with the Ministry of Healths Terms of voluntary commitments nutritional progress under the Programme National Nutrition Santà © on all its products. Paul becomes the first brand of bakery and catering to obtain this recognition. Reputation. Paul has achieved an esteemed reputation throughout the years. Unique. Paul provides many unique products in the Egyptian market which can allow it to have a definite image between competitors which would help it to have the targeted market share. Weakness Brand Awareness. As a start up, Paul didnt yet establish an image or brand name in the local market. Whereas On the Run and other competitors have a strong image and national brand recognition. Culture Background. Most of our product comes from French background, thus it will take a little time for the Egyptian culture to explore and familiarize with it. Opportunities Paul can take advantage of two major market opportunities Lack in market. Egyptian market lacks most of the products that Paul would introduce. Increase demand. Egyptians demand to cafes with baked goods is growing rapidly. Threats Increased Competition. More bakeries and cafà ©s are entering the Egyptian market. With hundreds of them, Paul must stress out clear differentiation. Competitive pricing. Increased completion is pushing down the prices. Duration. Pauls products are all food based, thus it has to be sold during a short time period due to expiry and quality precautions. Objectives and Issues We have aggressive but reachable objectives during out first and second years of market entry. First year Objective. During the entrance of Paul for the first year in the Egyptian market, we are targeting for 20% share of Egyptian market. Second year Objective. We are aiming to achieve 30% of Egyptian market based on launching Paul restaurant and to achieve break even early in this period. Marketing Strategy Pauls marketing strategy mainly depends on positioning of product differentiation. Consumer target Primary consumer target. Adults and students which are considered upper to middle income individuals , who gathers around the tea-area in Paul and consumers more during their stay. Secondary Consumer Target. Athletes and healthy people, due to their demand for healthy and energetic food which contains high vitamins and nutrients that Egyptians market lacks. Tertiary Consumer Target. Children and seniors, as their needs would be little and met easily by mostly buying few products takeaway, like sweets, bread or desserts. Business Target Primary business target. Is mid to large sized Schools Universities. As there are large amount of students who can benefit from its presence at their location especially during their break or between lectures as well as their ability to buy such product. Fitness centers Sport Clubs. Can profit from the existence of our products, pre or post workout, which could allow them to maintain their training and diet. Positioning Through product differentiation, our product will position itself differently that other competitors. We will focus on high quality, unique taste and price added value. Product strategy Paul will be offering all the products reviewed in the earlier product review section during the first year. We will establish Paul restaurant which will be offering, Soups, Side dishes, Side sauce, big main dishes for Breakfast, Lunch Dinner as well as more menu variety from each category of the previous provided products. Building Pauls brand name that advocates high quality satisfaction is a crucial part of our strategy. The brand name PAUL will be printed on every bags and packaging to strengthen its entrance in the marketing promotion. Pricing Strategy Since Pauls products are new to this market, and due to high competition between prices; Paul will introduce its products in a lower price during the first year until Pauls restaurant is launched by the second year afterward an addition o 10% on Pauls product will take place to compensate the costs being paid to establish the restaurant and to allow further expansion to cover more parts of Egypt. Our First Year average prices will be as follows. Breakfast Plates ( 14 35 LE ) Quick lunch Plates ( 3 5 -56 L.E ) Sandwiches with the varieties ( 24.5 42 L.E ) Pies Pizzas ( 14 28 L.E ) Salads ( 24.5 38.5 L.E ) Grand classic breads ( 7- 10.5 L.E ) Pleasure breads ( 7- 35 L.E ) Light and healthy breads ( 10.5 35 L.E ) Athletic and Healthy meals ( 40 65 L.E ) Cakes and desserts ( 14- 28 L.E ) Ice creams ( 7- 14 L.E ) Viennoiseries and sweet pastries ( 5.6 14 L.E) Crepes ( 10.5- 17.5 L.E ) Fresh Juices , Hot cold drinks ( 7 21 L.E ) Take away boxes ( 70 L.E ) Distribution Strategy Pauls channel strategy is to use its store location as a primary tool to distribute its products and to rely secondly on well known supermarkets, local bakeries, schools, universities, fitness centers and sport clubs , and lastly on online orders. Marketing Organization Marketing Communication Strategy By combining and distributing all media messages simultaneously, we will fortify the brand name and the main points of product differentiation, especially out unique breads and desserts. Media campaign will be critical before and during product introduction. Therefore, advertising will appear on a rhythmic basis to maintain brand awareness and convey numerous differentiation messages. We would coordinate Public Relations efforts to develop Paul Brand name and support the differentiation message. We will as well offer limited time promotions, a listed item for customers that will buy a dessert, breads or other products will be offered without charge and further such promotions to attract market attention and favors purchasing. Paul will provide free samples on first one month, for its business targets, as well as it would set special trades deals for retailers that would place volume orders. We would as well rent booths in grand malls to demonstrate our products for first two weeks, we also will offer discounts for purchases that exceeds 150 L.E. Multimedia advertising campaign will take place; offers will be held with our partner radio stations, so that free gift coupons would be offered as a prize through them. Action Programs Paul will enter the Egyptian Market in September. The upcoming steps will summarize the action programs that will be taking place in the next six months. August We will begin with 400,000 L.E. sales promotion campaigns, to introduce the awareness of Paul to the local bakeries, schools and universities, fitness clubs and supermarket and also to generate excitement for Pauls entry on October. September Paul will be launched. Internet, Radio, and print campaign will take place, directed towards our business and customer targets. The campaign will show the products we offer, their quality, and that they are new and unique in Egypt. October As internet , Radio, Print multimedia campaigns persists , we will add consumer sales promotions , as offering promotions for large amount purchases , giving free item to consumers that buy desserts , breads and other products , as well as placing our booth in grand malls offering free samples. November We will distribute our products to schools, universities and supermarkets at this stage .Sales contest will be hold to offer prizes for sales person or one of our partners that offers our products, which had sold most out of our products. December Radio ads will put on celebrities taking about their experience trying Paul. Prints, television and internet ads will show celebrities eating a dessert from Paul. January We will offer out free coupons to our partner radio stations .we will place our products in local bakeries, fitness centers and sport clubs. Results of customer satisfaction survey will be counted and considered to make use of it in further promotions, and to review feedback of our products. Budgets The first Year sales profit is projected to be 20 million EGP. We predict the first year loss of 6 million EGP as there would be marketing budget not less than 1 million EGP plus the start up expenses of factory building , machinery , and staff hiring and training. Controls We are arranging a Very tight control measure with strong monitoring method to ensure customer satisfaction. That will allow us to respond very quickly in correcting any problems that may arise. Part 3

Child Bed fever case study Essay

PART I 1. What were Semmelweis’ initial observations? Answer: Semmelweis’ initial observation was the death rate of women after childbirth. 2. What was the problem at hand? Answer: The problem at hand was more women were dying after childbirth in the ward with male physicians and fewer were dying in the female physician ward. 3. What possible explanatory story might Semmelweis come up with? Answer: An explanatory story that Semmelweis might come up with could be that the women physicians are more understanding to the female anatomy than the males. 4. How might Semmelweis test his suspicions? Answer: Semmelweis might test his suspicions by going to the female physician side and observing the way the females work compared to the way the men work. PART II 1. What might Semmelweis now propose as an explanatory story? Answer: Swmmelweis’ explanatory story might be that there is some sort of infection linked to the death of women and his friend. 2. How could Semmelweis test his new hypothesis? Answer: He could test the women and his friend that died for infections to see if that is the cause of death. PART III 1. What conclusions can be drawn from Semmelweis’ experiment? Answer: Hand washing was the conclusion to Semmelweis’ experiment. He realized that cleanliness was a necessity in keeping the patients from getting very sick and dying. 2. How might Semmelweis revise his original hypothesis or his experiments to gain additional information? Answer: Semmelweis could possibly observe if that is what the female physician ward was doing all along to reduce the rates of mortality among the women they were treating. He may also not only do hand washing but begin to sanitize all equipment before patients are treated. PART IV 1. When presented with what appears to be unequivocal evidence in support of hand washing, why might Semmelweis’ colleagues have dismissed his ideas? Answer: Semmelweis might not have had much evidence to back up the fact that hand washing alone would slow the mortality rate. There was still women dying from childbirth and for those few women there was no explanation. 2. How else might Semmelweis have approached the problem of disseminating his research findings in order to ensure their acceptance? Answer: He could have studied into the hand washing longer and found other things that supported the mortality rates of the few that were dying. He could have also had other people who believed that hand washing was the solution to help support and explain his ideas to his colleagues. 3. What, if any, role did serendipity play in Semmelweis’ story of childbed fever? Answer: I do believe that serendipity did play a role in the story of childbed fever because if Semmelweis’ friend would have never â€Å"accidentally† cut his hand while performing the autopsy from a women who died from the childbed fever and showed the similar symptoms, the research might not have been studied as fast or might not have come up with a solution to the problem of infection (sepsis).

The Jilting of Granny Weatherall

â€Å"Uncertainty of Control† In â€Å"The Jilting of Granny Weatherall,† her name, weatherall, or seen as weathered by it all, shows that she has been through everything, especially through times of doubt oruncertainty. Granny Weatherall is a very controlling woman;however, she comes to realize there are many things that she cannot control. She also believes that she has lived a very happy life, however, when she is starting to die, she realizes that there are many things that she wishes she could change. Granny Weatherall is very uncertain of many things throughoutthe story. One of the main things she is uncertain aboutis whether or not she is dying. She tells the doctor to â€Å"get along and doctor your sick†¦leave a well womanalone† (203). In her mind, she is not going to die because she has not planned or it. She says she still has a ton of things to get done so it cannot be her time to pass away. However, death is something that she cannot control, just like George leaving her at the altar. As she is trying to get some rest, the memory of George comes back to her, â€Å"what does a women do when she has put on the white veil and set out the white cake for a man and he doesn’t care?†¦ but a whirl of dark smoke rose and covered it, crept up and over into the bright field where everything was planted so carefully in orderly rows. That was hell, she knew hell when she saw it. For sixty years she had prayed against remembering him and against losing her soul in the deep pit of hell† (206). This shows that she is still very bitter about George leaving her at the altar and still very confused by it. The main reason for this confusion is because this was something that she did not plan and did not have anycontrol over. When the text says she was dreaming of a â€Å"bright field where everything was planted so carefully in orderly rows,† it shows that she likes to have order in her life, and that George messed up this order. The story uses many literary tools to help the readers realize that Granny Weatherall does not like uncertainty and that she is still uncertain of thingsto come. In the last paragraph, the story uses imagery to describe how Granny Weatherall really feels. â€Å"For the second time there was no sign. Again no bridegroom and the priestin the house. She could not remember any other sorrow because this grief wiped them all away. Oh, no, there’s nothing more cruel than this—I’ll never forgive it. She stretched herself with a deep breath and blew out the light† (209). Here she is referring back to her first jilting of when there was no groom and only the priest was there. However, this time she is referring to her death, which she has no control over, and she is now coming to this realization. This imagery of being left at the altar for the second time, shows she is scared that she is being jilted again. However, this time by God, which she is more hurt by than any other thing that has everhappened to her. She now realizes that she has no control over her life, which really scares her. The Jilting of Granny Weatherall â€Å"Uncertainty of Control† In â€Å"The Jilting of Granny Weatherall,† her name, weatherall, or seen as weathered by it all, shows that she has been through everything, especially through times of doubt oruncertainty. Granny Weatherall is a very controlling woman;however, she comes to realize there are many things that she cannot control. She also believes that she has lived a very happy life, however, when she is starting to die, she realizes that there are many things that she wishes she could change. Granny Weatherall is very uncertain of many things throughoutthe story. One of the main things she is uncertain aboutis whether or not she is dying. She tells the doctor to â€Å"get along and doctor your sick†¦leave a well womanalone† (203). In her mind, she is not going to die because she has not planned or it. She says she still has a ton of things to get done so it cannot be her time to pass away. However, death is something that she cannot control, just like George leaving her at the altar. As she is trying to get some rest, the memory of George comes back to her, â€Å"what does a women do when she has put on the white veil and set out the white cake for a man and he doesn’t care?†¦ but a whirl of dark smoke rose and covered it, crept up and over into the bright field where everything was planted so carefully in orderly rows. That was hell, she knew hell when she saw it. For sixty years she had prayed against remembering him and against losing her soul in the deep pit of hell† (206). This shows that she is still very bitter about George leaving her at the altar and still very confused by it. The main reason for this confusion is because this was something that she did not plan and did not have anycontrol over. When the text says she was dreaming of a â€Å"bright field where everything was planted so carefully in orderly rows,† it shows that she likes to have order in her life, and that George messed up this order. The story uses many literary tools to help the readers realize that Granny Weatherall does not like uncertainty and that she is still uncertain of thingsto come. In the last paragraph, the story uses imagery to describe how Granny Weatherall really feels. â€Å"For the second time there was no sign. Again no bridegroom and the priestin the house. She could not remember any other sorrow because this grief wiped them all away. Oh, no, there’s nothing more cruel than this—I’ll never forgive it. She stretched herself with a deep breath and blew out the light† (209). Here she is referring back to her first jilting of when there was no groom and only the priest was there. However, this time she is referring to her death, which she has no control over, and she is now coming to this realization. This imagery of being left at the altar for the second time, shows she is scared that she is being jilted again. However, this time by God, which she is more hurt by than any other thing that has everhappened to her. She now realizes that she has no control over her life, which really scares her.